我有一个 4G Silicon-Power 闪存。当我将其格式化为Windows 7的，47 MByte将保留为已用空间：
但是当我将其格式化为Windows-8，18 MByte将保留为已用空间：
注意：在两个窗口中我都选择文件系统 = NTFS和分配单元大小 = 4096
有什么不同？
更新 ：
Windows-7 专业版- 64 位 - 版本 6.1 Service pack 1
C:\>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo j:
NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0x02764432764428ad
Version : 3.1
Number Sectors : 0x000000000078077f
Total Clusters : 0x00000000000f00ef
Free Clusters : 0x00000000000ed5de
Total Reserved : 0x0000000000000000
Bytes Per Sector : 512
Bytes Per Cluster : 4096
Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024
Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0
Mft Valid Data Length : 0x0000000000040000
Mft Start Lcn : 0x0000000000040000
Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x0000000000000002
Mft Zone Start : 0x0000000000040000
Mft Zone End : 0x000000000004c820
RM Identifier: 94E3CDFA-2ADD-11E4-B3D3-005056C00001
。
C:\>defrag /a /h /u /v j:
Microsoft Disk Defragmenter
Copyright (c) 2007 Microsoft Corp.
Invoking analysis on GHASEMI (J:)...
Analysis: 100% complete.
The operation completed successfully.
Post Defragmentation Report:
Volume Information:
Volume size = 3.75 GB
Cluster size = 4 KB
Used space = 43.06 MB
Free space = 3.70 GB
Fragmentation:
Total fragmented space = 0%
Average fragments per file = 1.10
Movable files and folders = 23
Unmovable files and folders = 12
Files:
Fragmented files = 0
Total file fragments = 0
Folders:
Total folders = 11
Fragmented folders = 0
Total folder fragments = 0
Free space:
Free space count = 4
Average free space size = 899.49 MB
Largest free space size = 2.55 GB
Master File Table (MFT):
MFT size = 256.00 KB
MFT record count = 255
MFT usage = 100%
Total MFT fragments = 2
Note: File fragments larger than 64MB are not included in the fragmentat
ion statistics.
You do not need to defragment this volume.
C:\>
untfs.dll版本：6.1.7601.17514
ntfs.sys版本：6.1.7601.18127
Windows 8.1 版本 6.3：
C:\>fsut fsinfo ntfsinfo E:
'fsut' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
C:\>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo E:
NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0xbc18035618030ed8
NTFS Version : 3.1
LFS Version : 1.1
Number Sectors : 0x000000000078077f
Total Clusters : 0x00000000000f00ef
Free Clusters : 0x00000000000ef2c7
Total Reserved : 0x0000000000000000
Bytes Per Sector : 512
Bytes Per Physical Sector : 512
Bytes Per Cluster : 4096
Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024
Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0
Mft Valid Data Length : 0x0000000000040000
Mft Start Lcn : 0x0000000000040000
Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x0000000000000002
Mft Zone Start : 0x0000000000040000
Mft Zone End : 0x000000000004c820
Resource Manager Identifier : DC8269B6-2A42-11E4-BE90-0021CCD87AAC
。
C:\>defrag /a /h /u /v E:
Microsoft Drive Optimizer
Copyright (c) 2013 Microsoft Corp.
Invoking analysis on GHASEMI (E:)...
Analysis: 100% complete.
The operation completed successfully.
Post Defragmentation Report:
Volume Information:
Volume size = 3.75 GB
Cluster size = 4 KB
Used space = 14.15 MB
Free space = 3.73 GB
Fragmentation:
Total fragmented space = 0%
Average fragments per file = 1.11
Movable files and folders = 19
Unmovable files and folders = 4
Files:
Fragmented files = 2
Total file fragments = 2
Folders:
Total folders = 1
Fragmented folders = 0
Total folder fragments = 0
Free space:
Free space count = 4
Average free space size = 906.72 MB
Largest free space size = 2.55 GB
Master File Table (MFT):
MFT size = 256.00 KB
MFT record count = 255
MFT usage = 100%
Total MFT fragments = 1
Note: File fragments larger than 64MB are not included in the fragmentat
ion statistics.
You do not need to defragment this volume.
C:\>
untfs.dll版本：6.3.9600.17031
ntfs.sys版本：6.3.9600.17055
答案1
NTFS 是日志文件系统. NTFS 系统图元文件代表元数据的日志被命名为$LogFile。作为整体变化到 Windows 8 中的 NTFS，此文件的默认大小在 Windows 8 中已经改变。
要找出给定驱动器“X”的默认日志大小，可以使用带有裸 /L 参数的 CHKDSK：
Windows 7 中 16GB USB 闪存驱动器的默认日志大小：
C:\>chkdsk X: /L
The type of the file system is NTFS.
The current log file size is 65536 KB.
The default log file size for this volume is 65536 KB.
Windows 8.1 中 16GB USB 闪存驱动器的默认日志大小：
C:\>chkdsk X: /L
The type of the file system is NTFS.
The current log file size is 65536 KB.
The default log file size for this volume is 23136 KB.
如果您已在以前的操作系统中格式化驱动器（如上所示），则可以使用 CHKDSK 查询 Windows 8 的默认日志大小，然后再次使用 CHKDSK 将日志设置为新的默认大小。在本例中，此驱动器是在 Windows 7 下格式化的，默认日志大小为 65536KB。Windows 8.1 会将大小设置为 23136（由 CHKDSK /L 确定），因此可以使用以下命令将其调低：
CHKDSK X: /L:23136
片刻之后，日志将调整大小，并且您的可用/分配空间应该匹配，就像驱动器在 Windows 8.1 下本地格式化一样。
分配报告
一般来说，如果您想要有关卷使用情况的详细信息，您可以使用volume allocationreport以下功能fsutil- 这将为您提供 NTFS 系统文件（以及所有其他文件，包括压缩、加密和流）使用的空间的详细分类：
C:\>fsutil volume allocationreport x:
Allocation report:
Total clusters : 3907839 (16006508544 bytes)
Free clusters : 3895093 (15954300928 bytes)
Reserved clusters : 0 (0 bytes)
Total allocated : 52207616 bytes
The allocation is split between:
System files : Count: 27. Total allocated: 52207616 bytes.
$Mft : File ID 0x0001000000000000. Total allocated: 270336 bytes.
$MftMirr : File ID 0x0001000000000001. Total allocated: 4096 bytes.
$LogFile : File ID 0x0002000000000002. Total allocated: 23691264 bytes.
$Volume : File ID 0x0003000000000003. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$AttrDef : File ID 0x0004000000000004. Total allocated: 4096 bytes.
Root folder : File ID 0x0005000000000005. Total allocated: 4096 bytes.
$Bitmap : File ID 0x0006000000000006. Total allocated: 491520 bytes.
$Boot : File ID 0x0007000000000007. Total allocated: 8192 bytes.
$BadClus : File ID 0x0008000000000008. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$Secure : File ID 0x0009000000000009. Total allocated: 274432 bytes.
$UpCase : File ID 0x000a00000000000a. Total allocated: 131072 bytes.
$Extend : File ID 0x000b00000000000b. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$ObjId : File ID 0x0001000000000019. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$Quota : File ID 0x0001000000000018. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$Reparse : File ID 0x000100000000001a. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$RmMetadata : File ID 0x000100000000001b. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$Repair : File ID 0x000100000000001c. Total allocated: 9437184 bytes.
$Txf : File ID 0x000100000000001e. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$TxfLog : File ID 0x000100000000001d. Total allocated: 0 bytes.
$Tops : File ID 0x000100000000001f. Total allocated: 1048576 bytes.
$TxfLog.blf : File ID 0x0001000000000020. Total allocated: 65536 bytes.
Other system files : Count: 4. Total allocated: 0 bytes.