![永久阻止发行版包安装?](https://linux22.com/image/1423220/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E9%98%BB%E6%AD%A2%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%9F.png)
我在 Ubuntu 上使用 PPA 提供的软件包。我使用 PPA 版本是因为 Debian 的版本太过贫乏,以至于它实际上已经崩溃。
今天,当我经历这个循环时apt-get update and apt=get dist-upgrade
,我看到了:
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils-arm-none-eabi libnewlib-arm-none-eabi libnewlib-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
gcc-arm-none-eabi libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls
3 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 338 kB/24.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 9,572 kB disk space will be freed.
dist-upgrade
正在尝试安装过去给我带来麻烦的软件包:binutils-arm-none-eabi
和gcc-arm-none-eabi
。即使是标准upgrade
也会尝试安装一些给我带来麻烦的相同软件包。
binutils-arm-none-eabi
我想永久阻止和的发行版软件包gcc-arm-none-eabi
。如何永久阻止发行版软件包,但允许提供相同软件包的 PPA?
答案1
在 APT 中,您可以“固定”软件包 – 例如,根据各种属性指定自定义软件包首选项。
首先运行apt-cache policy
以查看已配置存储库的属性,并查找特定于您的 PPA 的存储库。它可能具有类似内容release n=precise
(基于其针对的 Ubuntu 版本)或至少origin launchpad.net
(基于源站点):
$ apt-cache policy | egrep -i "(ppa|arm)"
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/terry.guo/gcc-arm-embedded/ubuntu/ trusty/main i386 Packages
release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-terry.guo-gcc-arm-embedded,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=GNU ARM Embedded Toolchain,c=main
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/terry.guo/gcc-arm-embedded/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-terry.guo-gcc-arm-embedded,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=GNU ARM Embedded Toolchain,c=main
origin ppa.launchpad.net
release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-app-review-board,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Application Review Board PPA,c=main
release v=14.04,o=LP-PPA-app-review-board,a=trusty,n=trusty,l=Application Review Board PPA,c=main
然后创建一个文件/etc/apt/preferences
:
Package: binutils-arm-none-eabi
Pin: origin ppa.launchpad.net
Pin-Priority: 900
Package: gcc-arm-none-eabi
Pin: origin ppa.launchpad.net
Pin-Priority: 900
对于Pin
,使用您之前找到的存储库属性。对于优先级,选择一个高于任何常规 Debian 存储库的数字。
最后,运行apt-cache policy binutils-arm-none-eabi
(这次使用包名称)以验证首选项是否正确应用:
$ apt-cache policy gcc-arm-none-eabi
gcc-arm-none-eabi:
Installed: 4-8-2014q2-0trusty10
Candidate: 4-8-2014q2-0trusty10
Package pin: 4-8-2014q2-0trusty10
Version table:
4.8.2-14ubuntu1+6 900
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages
*** 4-8-2014q2-0trusty10 900
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/terry.guo/gcc-arm-embedded/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
- AptPreferences关于 Debian 维基
- 固定方法在 Ubuntu 维基上
- 初学者的 Apt-Pinning