如何在每第 n 行后开始一个新列?

如何在每第 n 行后开始一个新列?

我在 Linux 系统上有一个包含 3 列的文件(以逗号分隔)。我想在每第四行之后开始新的列。

输入:

col1,col2,col3 
1,disease1,high
1,disease2,low 
1,disease3,high
col1,col2,col3 
2,disease1,low 
2,disease2,low 
2,disease3,high
col1,col2,col3
3,disease1,low
3,disease2,low
3,disease3,low

预期输出:

col1,col2,col3,col1,col2,col3,col1,col2,col3
1,disease1,high,2,disease1,low,3,disease1,low
1,disease2,low,2,disease2,low,3,disease2,low
1,disease3,high,2,disease3,high,disease3,low

即我想要 4 行输出,每行都是用逗号连接输入的每第四行的结果。

答案1

awk

awk '{a[NR%4] = a[NR%4] (NR<=4 ? "" : ",") $0}
     END{for (i = 1; i <= 4; i++) print a[i%4]}' < input.txt

答案2

尝试paste将四行合并为一行,read将它们合并为四个变量,将每个变量附加到输出行:

paste -s -d"   \n" file | 
{ while read A B C D 
    do  L1="$L1$DL$A"
        L2="$L2$DL$B"
        L3="$L3$DL$C"
        L4="$L4$DL$D"
        DL=, 
    done 
  printf "%s\n" "$L1" "$L2" "$L3" "$L4"  
}
col1,col2,col3,col1,col2,col3,
1,disease1,high,2,disease1,low,
1,disease2,low,2,disease2,low,
1,disease3,high,2,disease3,high,

编辑:或者,更简单一点,不需要paste

while read A && read B && read C && read D     
  do    L1="$L1$DL$A"
        L2="$L2$DL$B"
        L3="$L3$DL$C"
        L4="$L4$DL$D"
        DL=,     
  done < file 
printf "%s\n" "$L1" "$L2" "$L3" "$L4"

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