如何更好的理解LVM和添加磁盘?

如何更好的理解LVM和添加磁盘?

我正在尝试了解 LVM 并向 Linux 机器添加磁盘。我添加了一个磁盘,然后运行了我认为的命令来将该磁盘添加到盒子中,但我认为我搞砸了。

我是否刚刚将此磁盘添加到当前 LV,现在只需要调整它的大小?我尝试安装它,但返回时出现以下错误。

安装错误..

mount -t xfs /dev/mapper/ol-lv_oradata  /mnt/drives/oradata
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/ol-lv_oradata,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.

这是我的输出。

df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ol-root   27G   22G  5.1G  81% /
devtmpfs             1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /dev
tmpfs                1.4G   32M  1.4G   3% /dev/shm
tmpfs                1.4G  9.6M  1.4G   1% /run
tmpfs                1.4G     0  1.4G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1            497M  282M  216M  57% /boot
tmpfs                276M   60K  276M   1% /run/user/54321


 ls -ls /dev/sd*
0 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  0 Jan  2 16:34 /dev/sda
0 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  1 Jan  2 16:34 /dev/sda1
0 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8,  2 Jan  3 13:53 /dev/sda2
0 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Jan  3 13:50 /dev/sdb  <-- this is the disk I added
0 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Jan  3 13:53 /dev/sdb1 <-- this is the disk I added

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0003e72b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048    62914559    30944256   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9a45daa3

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048   104857599    52427776   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 28.4 GB, 28420603904 bytes, 55508992 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes, 6291456 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-lv_oradata: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 lvmdiskscan
  /dev/ram0          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ol/root       [     <26.47 GiB] 
  /dev/ram1          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/sda1          [     500.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ol/swap       [       3.00 GiB] 
  /dev/ram2          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/sda2          [      29.51 GiB] LVM physical volume
  /dev/ol/lv_oradata [      50.00 GiB] 
  /dev/ram3          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram4          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram5          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram6          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram7          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram8          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram9          [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram10         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram11         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram12         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram13         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram14         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/ram15         [      16.00 MiB] 
  /dev/sdb1          [     <50.00 GiB] LVM physical volume

这是我的 lsblk 的输出..

sda                                                                                       
    |-sda1            xfs                              e86122cd-12b8-418a-af88-213c5f7cf198   /boot
    `-sda2            LVM2_member                      aTcqdV-CreW-yf1R-Et4Z-FXDg-a30f-bTa8ua 
      |-ol-root       xfs                              d3f701f6-bee6-4838-ad23-e004d6477e2a   /
      |-ol-swap       swap                             551085fa-4f56-474a-9fe4-926a50254506   [SWAP]
      `-ol-lv_oradata xfs                              40b962d1-ec00-44a1-8257-42d706c4839f   
    sdb                                                                                       
    `-sdb1            LVM2_member                      Q6IQCo-bR9J-XowP-gYzN-Nvfc-HcTG-UZDlL4 
      `-ol-lv_oradata xfs                              40b962d1-ec00-44a1-8257-42d706c4839f 

pvs以下是和vgs的输出lvs

pvs
PV         VG Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree 
/dev/sda2  ol lvm2 a--  <29.51g 36.00m
/dev/sdb1  ol lvm2 a--  <50.00g 0

vgs 
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
ol   2   3   0 wz--n- 79.50g 36.00m

lvs
LV         VG Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_oradata ol -wi-a----- 50.00g 
root       ol -wi-ao---- <26.47g 
swap       ol -wi-ao---- 3.00g

答案1

问:我是否刚刚将此磁盘添加到当前 LV,现在只需要调整它的大小?我尝试安装它,但返回时出现以下错误。

答:如果你想用新磁盘扩展当前的 LVM,首先你需要在新磁盘上创建分区,就像 @roaima 之前提到的那样,然后扩展 LVM 的当前卷组,然后扩展你的 LVM 磁盘。

参考 :

Linux 用户逻辑卷管理指南

如何在 Linux 中扩展/减少 LVM(逻辑卷管理)

答案2

的输出pvs显示您有两个物理分区分配给您的卷组ol。的输出lvs显示该卷组中有三个逻辑卷。

您的第一次mount尝试是准确的,所以我怀疑您没有格式化它。

mkfs -t xfs /dev/mapper/ol-lv_oradata
mount -t xfs /dev/mapper/ol-lv_oradata /mnt/drives/oradata

顺便说一句,既然您正在学习 LVM,请注意,如果您丢失了任何一个您可能会丢失的磁盘一切在跨越它们的卷组中。 (阅读“RAID 0”磁盘配置的危险以了解一些详细信息。您的 VG 的配置方式大致相同。)

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