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如何在Win7中搜索文本文件并使其显示匹配的行

tag-icon • tag-icon windows command-line search string
如何在Win7中搜索文本文件并使其显示匹配的行

我有一个很长的列表，每天要搜索多次。使用记事本中的“查找”功能可以解决问题，但是有没有办法在命令行中按行号显示匹配的字符串？

另外，如果这个命令确实存在，有没有办法使用非常简单的 GUI 来实现它？我正在尝试尽可能地自动化这个任务，并且需要一些帮助。

另外，有没有办法，我可以创建一个文本文件，每行包含要搜索的内容，然后对其运行命令，看看是否有任何内容与主名称列表匹配？

答案1

尝试“findstr”：

findstr/?
Searches for strings in files.

FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
        [/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
        strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /B         Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line.
  /E         Matches pattern if at the end of a line.
  /L         Uses search strings literally.
  /R         Uses search strings as regular expressions.
  /S         Searches for matching files in the current directory and all
             subdirectories.
  /I         Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive.
  /X         Prints lines that match exactly.
  /V         Prints only lines that do not contain a match.
  /N         Prints the line number before each line that matches.
  /M         Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.
  /O         Prints character offset before each matching line.
  /P         Skip files with non-printable characters.
  /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
  /A:attr    Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See "color /?"
  /F:file    Reads file list from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /C:string  Uses specified string as a literal search string.
  /G:file    Gets search strings from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /D:dir     Search a semicolon delimited list of directories
  strings    Text to be searched for.
  [drive:][path]filename
             Specifies a file or files to search.

Use spaces to separate multiple search strings unless the argument is prefixed
with /C.  For example, 'FINDSTR "hello there" x.y' searches for "hello" or
"there" in file x.y.  'FINDSTR /C:"hello there" x.y' searches for
"hello there" in file x.y.

Regular expression quick reference:
  .        Wildcard: any character
  *        Repeat: zero or more occurrences of previous character or class
  ^        Line position: beginning of line
  $        Line position: end of line
  [class]  Character class: any one character in set
  [^class] Inverse class: any one character not in set
  [x-y]    Range: any characters within the specified range
  \x       Escape: literal use of metacharacter x
  \<xyz    Word position: beginning of word
  xyz\>    Word position: end of word

For full information on FINDSTR regular expressions refer to the online Command
Reference.

另一个选项是 Powershell 的“Select-String”cmdlet：

http://blogs.technet.com/b/heyscriptingguy/archive/2011/08/04/use-an-easy-powershell-command-to-search-files-for-information.aspx

答案2

Windows Grep。它非常简单，有点像老式的 GUI，但效果很好。它显示结果中所有匹配的行，并带有行号，单击每行时，您会看到突出显示值的行以及上下几行。我相信您一次只能搜索一个文本字符串，它会搜索一组目录中的所有文件，所以可能不是您想要的。如果您不熟悉 grep，在 Unix/Linux 上，它是一种在文件中搜索文本数据的方法。

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