有没有办法根据 if-else-endif 结构在整个程序层次结构中的“级别”按需突出显示 Vim 中的 if-else-endif 结构？例如，我想要类似
if <<< highlight in red
foo
else <<<< red
if <<< blue
baz
bar
endif <<< blue
endif <<< red
我主要编辑 FORTRAN 代码，但我猜这个功能会非常通用，只要语法高亮适用于给定的语言...
答案1
我编写了自己的 Vim 插件来实现这一点（至少对于 FORTRAN 来说，这是我的用例）：https://github.com/fpnick/flowhighlight 请随意尝试和/或根据您的需要进行扩展。
流程突出显示.vim
" File: flowhighlight.vim
" Author: Fabian P. Nick <[email protected]>
" Version: 0.1
" Description:
" Highlights if-else-endif structures in different colors based on
" their 'level' in the program flow.
" As of October 2015 only works with Fortran.
" VERY EARLY DEVELOPMENT VERSION!
" Uasge:
" Use the 'FlowHighlight' command to highlight control structures.
" Use 'FlowHighlightClear' to disable highlights.
" Configuration:
" To define custom colors set the following variables
" g:lcolor_bg - Background color for line highlighting
" g:lcolor_fg - Foreground color for line highlighting
" g:pcolor_bg - Background color for pattern highlighting
" g:pcolor_fg - Foreground color for pattern highlighting
" Limitation:
" Only works with a very limited FORTRAN syntax
" Acknowledgement:
" Thanks to Amit Sethi, Dan Sharp, Michael Geddes and Benji Fisher
" for their wonderful pieces of code.
" Also thanks to Jarrod Taylor for his Vim Plugin framework.
python import sys
python import vim
python sys.path.append(vim.eval('expand("<sfile>:h")'))
" Main function to highlight control structures.
function! FlowHighlight()
" Python script adding 'tags' to control stuctures that are used to
" highlight the structures later.
" Also writes maximal 'depth' of control structures to the last line
" of the file.
python << endOfPython
from flowhighlight import find_flow
old_buffer = vim.current.buffer
vim.current.buffer[:] = find_flow(vim.current.buffer[:])
endOfPython
:normal mT
" Get maximum 'depth' of structures in this file
:normal G
let g:fhl_max_level = eval(getline("."))
:normal dd
" For each level, highlight the control structures
let i = 0
while i <= g:fhl_max_level
:normal gg
let curr_line = line(".")
let last_line = -1
while curr_line > last_line
let last_line = curr_line
let match_pat = 'flowhighlightlevel'.string(i)
execute 'normal /' . match_pat . '
'
let curr_line = line(".")
let match_pat = '.*\%'.line(".").'l.*'
exec 'syn match '. s:lcolor_grp . i . ' "' . match_pat . '" containedin=ALL'
endw
let match_pat = '!flowhighlightlevel'.string(i)
execute 'normal :%s/' . match_pat . '//g
'
let i = i+1
endw
:normal 'T
endfunction
" Clear highlights.
function! FlowHighlight_clear()
let i = 0
while i <= g:fhl_max_level
exec 'syn clear ' . s:lcolor_grp . i
let i = i+1
endw
endfunction
" --------------------------------
" Expose our commands to the user
" --------------------------------
command! FlowHighlight call FlowHighlight()
command! FlowHighlightClear call FlowHighlight_clear()
" #############################################################################
" The code after this line is from highlight.vim
" (http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1599) by Amit Sethi.
" Define colors for Line highlight
if !exists('g:lcolor_bg')
let g:lcolor_bg = "purple,seagreen,violet,lightred,lightgreen,lightblue,darkmagenta,slateblue"
endif
if !exists('g:lcolor_fg')
let g:lcolor_fg = "white,white,black,black,black,black,white,white"
endif
if !exists('g:lcolor_bg_cterm')
let g:lcolor_bg_cterm = "Blue,Green,Cyan,Red,Yellow,Magenta,Brown,LightGray"
endif
if !exists('g:lcolor_fg_cterm')
let g:lcolor_fg_cterm = "White,White,White,White,White,White,Black,Black"
endif
" HighlightInitFH: Initialize the highlight groups for line highlight
" Based on 'MultipleSearchInit' function developed by Dan Sharp in
" MultipleSearch2.vim at http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1183
function! s:HighlightInitFH()
let s:lcolor_grp = "FlowHiColor"
let s:lcolor_n = 0
let s:lcolor_max = s:Min(s:ItemCount(g:lcolor_bg . ','), s:ItemCount(g:lcolor_fg . ','))
let ci = 0
while ci < s:lcolor_max
let bgColor = s:Strntok(g:lcolor_bg, ',', ci + 1)
let fgColor = s:Strntok(g:lcolor_fg, ',', ci + 1)
let bgColor_cterm = s:Strntok(g:lcolor_bg_cterm, ',', ci + 1)
let fgColor_cterm = s:Strntok(g:lcolor_fg_cterm, ',', ci + 1)
exec 'hi ' . s:lcolor_grp . ci .
\ ' guifg =' . fgColor . ' guibg=' . bgColor
\ ' ctermfg =' . fgColor_cterm . ' ctermbg=' . bgColor_cterm
let ci = ci + 1
endw
endfunction
" Min: Returns the minimum of the given parameters.
" Developed by Dan Sharp in MultipleSearch2.vim at
" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1183
function! s:Min(...)
let min = a:1
let index = 2
while index <= a:0
execute "if min > a:" . index . " | let min = a:" . index . " | endif"
let index = index + 1
endwhile
return min
endfunction
" Strntok: Utility function to implement C-like strntok() by Michael Geddes
" and Benji Fisher at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/vimdev/message/26788
function! s:Strntok( s, tok, n)
return matchstr( a:s.a:tok[0], '\v(\zs([^'.a:tok.']*)\ze['.a:tok.']){'.a:n.'}')
endfunction
" ItemCount: Returns the number of items in the given string.
" Developed by Dan Sharp in MultipleSearch2.vim at
" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1183
function! s:ItemCount(string)
let itemCount = 0
let newstring = a:string
let pos = stridx(newstring, ',')
while pos > -1
let itemCount = itemCount + 1
let newstring = strpart(newstring, pos + 1)
let pos = stridx(newstring, ',')
endwhile
return itemCount
endfunction
" #############################################################################
call s:HighlightInitFH()
流程突出显示.py
import re
def find_flow(buffer_contents):
""" Uses regex to find ifs and corresponding elses and endifs
Marks them with a tag that can be used by vi later.
"""
level = 0
max_level = 0
for i in range(len(buffer_contents)):
string = buffer_contents[i]
if ( re.match('[ ]*if.*then.*',string,re.IGNORECASE) ):
buffer_contents[i] = string + '!flowhighlightlevel' + str(level)
level = level+1
if max_level < level:
max_level = level
if ( re.match('[ ]*else',string,re.IGNORECASE) ):
buffer_contents[i] = string + '!flowhighlightlevel' + str(level-1)
if ( re.match('[ ]*else if .* then',string,re.IGNORECASE) ):
buffer_contents[i] = string + '!flowhighlightlevel' + str(level-1)
if ( re.match('[ ]*endif',string,re.IGNORECASE) ):
level = level-1
buffer_contents[i] = string + '!flowhighlightlevel' + str(level)
buffer_contents.append(str(max_level-1))
return buffer_contents