麦克风在“PulseAudio 音量控制”中可见。未静音且音量为 100%。我可以看到它选择声音。在arecord中也可见：
$ arecord -l | tail -n 3
card 3: Microphone [Trust GXT 232 Microphone], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
$ arecord -L | tail -n 39
sysdefault:CARD=Microphone
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Front speakers
surround21:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
dmix:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Direct sample mixing device
dsnoop:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Direct sample snooping device
hw:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Microphone,DEV=0
Trust GXT 232 Microphone, USB Audio
Hardware device with all software conversions
麦克风是不是可在 Audacity 中选择（我尝试了所有选项，启动了 Audacity后麦克风已连接）。它可以在 Windows 10 的 Audacity 中使用 oob。
我正在使用 Audacity 2.1.2、PulseAudio 8 (Kubuntu 16.04)。
阿尔萨混合器：
混合器：
Simple mixer control 'Master',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 58 [91%] [-6.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
Capabilities: pvolume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 255
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 255 [100%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: Playback 255 [100%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'Front',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 64 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Front Mic',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Front Mic Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 2 [67%] [20.00dB]
Front Right: 2 [67%] [20.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'Surround',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Center',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'LFE',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 64
Mono: Playback 0 [0%] [-64.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Line',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Line Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',0
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 46
Front Left: Capture 46 [100%] [30.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Capture 46 [100%] [30.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',1
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 46
Front Left: Capture 0 [0%] [-16.00dB] [off]
Front Right: Capture 0 [0%] [-16.00dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Auto-Mute Mode',0
Capabilities: enum
Items: 'Disabled' 'Enabled'
Item0: 'Disabled'
Simple mixer control 'Channel Mode',0
Capabilities: enum
Items: '2ch' '4ch' '6ch'
Item0: '2ch'
Simple mixer control 'Digital',0
Capabilities: cvolume
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 120
Front Left: Capture 60 [50%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: Capture 60 [50%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',0
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Line'
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',1
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Line'
Simple mixer control 'Loopback Mixing',0
Capabilities: enum
Items: 'Disabled' 'Enabled'
Item0: 'Enabled'
Simple mixer control 'Rear Mic',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 31
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 0 [0%] [-34.50dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Rear Mic Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: 0 [0%] [0.00dB]
不确定 USB 麦克风是否存在。我尝试了一些其他参数，它似乎出现在最后。
$ amixer controls:
numid=35,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack'
numid=31,iface=CARD,name='Front Mic Jack'
numid=33,iface=CARD,name='Line Jack'
numid=34,iface=CARD,name='Line Out Jack'
numid=32,iface=CARD,name='Rear Mic Jack'
numid=30,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Switch'
numid=29,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Volume'
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='Headphone Playback Switch'
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='Headphone Playback Volume'
numid=39,iface=MIXER,name='PCM Playback Volume'
numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Boost Volume'
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Playback Switch'
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Playback Volume'
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='Front Playback Switch'
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='Front Playback Volume'
numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Switch'
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Volume'
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='Center Playback Switch'
numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='Center Playback Volume'
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='LFE Playback Switch'
numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='LFE Playback Volume'
numid=28,iface=MIXER,name='Line Boost Volume'
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='Line Playback Switch'
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='Line Playback Volume'
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch'
numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch',index=1
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume'
numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume',index=1
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='Loopback Mixing'
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='Auto-Mute Mode'
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Channel Mode'
numid=40,iface=MIXER,name='Digital Capture Volume'
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='Input Source'
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='Input Source',index=1
numid=27,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Boost Volume'
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Playback Switch'
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Playback Volume'
numid=37,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map'
numid=36,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map'
numid=38,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=2
$ amixer contents:
numid=35,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=on
numid=31,iface=CARD,name='Front Mic Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=on
numid=33,iface=CARD,name='Line Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=off
numid=34,iface=CARD,name='Line Out Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=off
numid=32,iface=CARD,name='Rear Mic Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=off
numid=30,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=on
numid=29,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=1,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=58
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='Headphone Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='Headphone Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=64,64
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=39,iface=MIXER,name='PCM Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---RW-,values=2,min=0,max=255,step=0
: values=255,255
| dBscale-min=-51.00dB,step=0.20dB,mute=0
numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Boost Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=3,step=0
: values=2,2
| dBscale-min=0.00dB,step=10.00dB,mute=0
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='Front Mic Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=31,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=-34.50dB,step=1.50dB,mute=0
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='Front Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='Front Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=64,64
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=off,off
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='Center Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='Center Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=1,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=0
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='LFE Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='LFE Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=1,min=0,max=64,step=0
: values=0
| dBscale-min=-64.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=28,iface=MIXER,name='Line Boost Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=3,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=0.00dB,step=10.00dB,mute=0
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='Line Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='Line Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=31,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=-34.50dB,step=1.50dB,mute=0
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch',index=1
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=off,off
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=46,step=0
: values=46,46
| dBscale-min=-16.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume',index=1
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=46,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=-16.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='Loopback Mixing'
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=2
; Item #0 'Disabled'
; Item #1 'Enabled'
: values=1
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='Auto-Mute Mode'
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=2
; Item #0 'Disabled'
; Item #1 'Enabled'
: values=0
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Channel Mode'
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=3
; Item #0 '2ch'
; Item #1 '4ch'
; Item #2 '6ch'
: values=0
numid=40,iface=MIXER,name='Digital Capture Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---RW-,values=2,min=0,max=120,step=0
: values=60,60
| dBscale-min=-30.00dB,step=0.50dB,mute=0
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='Input Source'
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=3
; Item #0 'Front Mic'
; Item #1 'Rear Mic'
; Item #2 'Line'
: values=2
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='Input Source',index=1
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=3
; Item #0 'Front Mic'
; Item #1 'Rear Mic'
; Item #2 'Line'
: values=2
numid=27,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Boost Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=3,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=0.00dB,step=10.00dB,mute=0
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='Rear Mic Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=31,step=0
: values=0,0
| dBscale-min=-34.50dB,step=1.50dB,mute=0
numid=37,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map'
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=36,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map'
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=38,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=2
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
答案1
应将以下输入源之一设置为前置麦克风：
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',0
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Line'
Simple mixer control 'Input Source',1
Capabilities: cenum
Items: 'Front Mic' 'Rear Mic' 'Line'
Item0: 'Line'
类似以下内容可满足您的需求：这里
例如amixer cset name='Input Source',index=0 'Front Mic'
那应该适合你。
答案2
只需启动 Audacity，然后选择“首选项”-->“设备”-->“录音”，选择“设备脉冲：内部麦克风 0”（这对我有用，对你来说可能是另一个）完成