我不知道为什么，但我的 Hetzner Root Server 每季度都会丢失一次 RAID 阵列，而且每次情况都不一样。这次我需要进一步的帮助。也许他们希望我换成托管服务器，这样大约贵 40% :)。
编辑：期望结果：
md3 : active raid1 sda4[2] sdb4[1]
1822442815 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md2 : active raid1 sda3[2] sdb3[1]
1073740664 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 sda2[2] sdb2[1]
524276 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid1 sda1[2] sdb1[1]
33553336 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
我该如何修复以下 raid 阵列？
cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md124 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda1[2]
33553336 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md125 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda2[2]
524276 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md126 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda3[2]
1073740664 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md127 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda4[2]
1822442815 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md3 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb4[1]
1822442815 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1]
1073740664 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
md1 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb2[1]
524276 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb1[1]
33553336 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
unused devices: <none>
以下是详细信息：
/dev/sda1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Name : rescue:0
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 67106816 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Array Size : 67106672 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Used Dev Size : 67106672 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : facee938:5e51285d:e49d35a7:4e3ae212
Update Time : Sun Jan 17 02:23:41 2016
Checksum : cf49c9d3 - correct
Events : 504
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sda2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Name : rescue:1
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 1048552 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Array Size : 1048552 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Data Offset : 24 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 181560d1:abc6d39b:3bd45252:6c5bff30
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
Checksum : e5f248df - correct
Events : 2064
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sda3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Name : rescue:2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 2147481600 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Array Size : 2147481328 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2147481328 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 106e6b66:9365ada0:b0ee61bf:15cf9585
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 11:20:33 2016
Checksum : b62dfda7 - correct
Events : 6901428
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sda4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Name : rescue:3
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 3644885903 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Array Size : 3644885630 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Used Dev Size : 3644885630 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 1a883ec6:768c6884:f8465824:69bddd2e
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
Checksum : a114be68 - correct
Events : 2062
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AA ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdb1:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Name : rescue:0
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 67106816 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Array Size : 67106672 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Used Dev Size : 67106672 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 2df660db:6eaab24e:be6a2b7e:6295cc6f
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 11:20:53 2016
Checksum : 9734d8ec - correct
Events : 506
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Name : rescue:1
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 1048552 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Array Size : 1048552 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Data Offset : 24 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 2594f11b:7e7289b6:8bff6aff:10bf1b05
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:16 2016
Checksum : cc71a538 - correct
Events : 2078
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdb3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Name : rescue:2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 2147481600 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Array Size : 2147481328 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Used Dev Size : 2147481328 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : b838fbbb:1dafe023:afce822f:45c7ba0d
Update Time : Tue Jan 26 09:27:55 2016
Checksum : 873de764 - correct
Events : 7041530
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
/dev/sdb4:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Name : rescue:3
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Raid Devices : 2
Avail Dev Size : 3644885903 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Array Size : 3644885630 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Used Dev Size : 3644885630 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Data Offset : 2048 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 8e56f14c:a1478ce7:59c6ba88:09d18a60
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:11 2016
Checksum : 20fe7d89 - correct
Events : 2076
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing)
更多详细信息：
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 33553336 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Used Dev Size : 33553336 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Tue Jan 26 09:38:15 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:0
UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Events : 508
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 524276 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Used Dev Size : 524276 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:16 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:1
UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Events : 2078
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2
/dev/md2:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1073740664 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1073740664 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Tue Jan 26 09:42:42 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:2
UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Events : 7042054
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3
/dev/md3:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1822442815 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1822442815 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:11 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:3
UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Events : 2076
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 0 0 0 removed
1 8 20 1 active sync /dev/sdb4
/dev/md124:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 33553336 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Used Dev Size : 33553336 (32.00 GiB 34.36 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Jan 17 02:23:41 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:0
UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Events : 504
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
2 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
1 0 0 1 removed
/dev/md125:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:55 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 524276 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Used Dev Size : 524276 (512.07 MiB 536.86 MB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:1
UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Events : 2064
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
2 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
1 0 0 1 removed
/dev/md126:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1073740664 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1073740664 (1024.00 GiB 1099.51 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 11:20:33 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:2
UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Events : 6901428
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
2 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
1 0 0 1 removed
/dev/md127:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Mon Aug 20 11:23:56 2012
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1822442815 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1822442815 (1738.02 GiB 1866.18 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : rescue:3
UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Events : 2062
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
2 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4
1 0 0 1 removed
答案1
/dev/sdb 上的 RAID 成员 1 分区是最新的，如下所示...
a1
Array UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Events : 504
Update Time : Sun Jan 17 02:23:41 2016
Device Role : Active device 0
b1
Array UUID : 79ca4cbd:5d44fcad:01e8ed8e:0bd7009a
Events : 506
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 11:20:53 2016
Device Role : Active device 1
a2
Array UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Events : 2064
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
Device Role : Active device 0
b2
Array UUID : 4cdff7b7:2ec9bae4:8c9cbf02:67bfe971
Events : 2078
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:16 2016
Device Role : Active device 1
a3
Array UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Events : 6901428
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 11:20:33 2016
Device Role : Active device 0
b3
Array UUID : 009a5d9b:7a0f238e:3ede62a0:0d2ee0ba
Events : 7041530
Update Time : Tue Jan 26 09:27:55 2016
Device Role : Active device 1
a4
Array UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Events : 2062
Update Time : Sat Jan 23 06:48:30 2016
Device Role : Active device 0
b4
Array UUID : aa151e0d:2430bfba:a79d7030:d56a7872
Events : 2076
Update Time : Mon Jan 25 06:46:11 2016
Device Role : Active device 1
因此，为了获得所需的结果，首先要停止虚假的 md12X 阵列....
mdadm --stop /dev/md124
mdadm --stop /dev/md125
mdadm --stop /dev/md126
mdadm --stop /dev/md127
然后只需将每个已删除的 RAID 成员分区添加回其原始 RAID1
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sda1
mdadm --add /dev/md1 /dev/sda2
mdadm --add /dev/md2 /dev/sda3
mdadm --add /dev/md3 /dev/sda4