更改硬件并启动相同的操作系统后（archlinux32），声音根本不起作用。在旧硬件上它运行良好。
迁移时：
- 启动实时 ISO
- 然
mkinitcpio -p linux - 更新了/etc/fstab
- 重新安装 grub
启动后一切正常，除了声音。还安装了pulseaudio 和alsa-utils。
speaker-test -c 2 -D default:
speaker-test 1.1.8
Playback device is default
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 2 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Playback open error: -2,No such file or directory
lspci -nn | grep Audio:
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) High Definition Audio Controller [8086:2668] (rev 03)
pactl list sinks:
Sink #0
State: IDLE
Name: auto_null
Description: Dummy Output
Driver: module-null-sink.c
Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Owner Module: 15
Mute: no
Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
Monitor Source: auto_null.monitor
Latency: 658477 usec, configured 2000000 usec
Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
Properties:
device.description = "Dummy Output"
device.class = "abstract"
device.icon_name = "audio-card"
Formats:
pcm
aplay -l:
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
lsmod | grep snd:
snd_hda_codec_realtek 102400 1
snd_hda_codec_generic 73728 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_intel 40960 0
snd_hda_codec 118784 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_core 73728 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_pcm 102400 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core
snd_timer 32768 1 snd_pcm
snd 73728 7 snd_hda_intel,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_codec,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_pcm
soundcore 16384 1 snd
systemctl --user status pulseaudio.socket:
* pulseaudio.socket - Sound System
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/user/pulseaudio.socket; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2019-03-17 21:09:12 EET; 14min ago
Listen: /run/user/1000/pulse/native (Stream)
CGroup: /user.slice/user-1000.slice/[email protected]/pulseaudio.socket
Mar 17 21:09:12 ninmach systemd[381]: Listening on Sound System.
Warning: Journal has been rotated since unit was started. Log output is incomplete or unavailable.
alsamixer:
alsamixer与选择的英特尔HDA卡片：
alsamixer与按下F5:
pavucontrol:
pavucontrol和配置标签：
总而言之，为什么在 alsamixer 中不显示 Master 等内容，并且根本不起作用。
Foxconn 915A03-G-8KS这是一个带有单核 CPU 的旧主板Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 2.66GHz。
答案1
一些好人IRC渠道#archlinux32帮助告诉我们解决方案可能是选项对于snd-hda-intel内核模块：model=6stack或model=6stack-digout.
因此，在使用选项重新加载此模块后，一切正常：
modprobe -r snd-hda-intel
modprobe snd-hda-intel model=6stack
这可能是内核中的一个错误，因此它加载这个模块时没有正确的选项，而且，修补不适用于该主板。
不过，手动添加此选项/etc/modprobe.d/将告诉系统在每次下次启动时使用此选项加载此模块：
echo "options snd-hda-intel model=6stack" >> /etc/modprobe.d/sound_fix.conf