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将一列添加到具有多个条目的输出文件

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将一列添加到具有多个条目的输出文件

我有 2 个包含以下数据的文件：

文件1

22:50:48] Return_M
22:50:49] Return_A
22:50:50] Return_F
22:50:51] Return_K
22:50:52] Return_Y

文件2

22:50:48] <0> X led_required
22:50:48] <0> X start_rules
22:50:48] <0> X leadstart
22:50:49] <0> X asynchronous_start
22:50:49] <0> X controldown
22:50:49] <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:49] <0> X limiting_rules
22:50:50] <0> X stock_manager
22:50:50] <0> X led_blink
22:50:50] <0> X start_required 
22:50:51] <0> X control_down
22:50:51] <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:51] <0> X start_rules
22:50:52] <0> X stock_manager
22:50:52] <0> X blink_led

我想要一个输出以下内容的文件：

22:50:48] Return_M <0> X led_required
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X start_rules
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X leadstart
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X asynchronous_start
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X controldown
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X limiting_rules
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X stock_manager
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X led_blink
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X start_required 
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X control_down
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X start_rules
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X stock_manager
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X blink_led

它基本上将文件 1 的返回代码放入文件 2 中，但仅在匹配的时间。

答案1

我已经包含了两个（略有不同）脚本，它们应该可以完成您想要的操作：Python 脚本和 Bash 脚本。

Python解决方案

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""prefix_join.py"""

import sys

input_1 = sys.argv[1]
input_2 = sys.argv[2]

# Initialize a list to store prefixes as they occur
prefix_list = list()

# Parse the first input file
data_1 = dict()
with open(input_1, "r") as file_1:
    for line in file_1:

        # Remove trailing and leading whitespace
        line = line.strip()

        # Split the string on the first whitespace character
        prefix, sep, suffix = line.partition(" ")

        # Add the prefix the list of prefixes
        if prefix not in prefix_list:
            prefix_list.append(prefix)

        # Add the prefix to the first data dictionary
        if prefix not in data_1:
            data_1[prefix] = list()

        # Add the suffix to the data dictionary
        data_1[prefix].append(suffix)

# Parse the second input file
data_2 = dict()
with open(input_2, "r") as file_2:
    for line in file_2:

        # Remove trailing and leading whitespace
        line = line.strip()

        # Split the string on the first whitespace character
        prefix, sep, suffix = line.partition(" ")

        # Add the prefix the list of prefixes
        if prefix not in prefix_list:
            prefix_list.append(prefix)

        # Add the prefix to the first data dictionary
        if prefix not in data_2:
            data_2[prefix] = list()

        # Add the suffix to the data dictionary
        data_2[prefix].append(suffix)

# Output the joined data
for prefix in prefix_list:
    for value_1 in data_1.get(prefix, list()):
        for value_2 in data_2.get(prefix, list()):
            output_line = "{} {} X {}".format(prefix, value_1, value_2)
            print(output_line)

你可以像这样运行它：

python prefix_join.py file-1.txt file-2.txt

在您的示例数据上，它会产生以下输出：

22:50:48] Return_M X <0> X led_required
22:50:48] Return_M X <0> X start_rules
22:50:48] Return_M X <0> X leadstart
22:50:49] Return_A X <0> X asynchronous_start
22:50:49] Return_A X <0> X controldown
22:50:49] Return_A X <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:49] Return_A X <0> X limiting_rules
22:50:50] Return_F X <0> X stock_manager
22:50:50] Return_F X <0> X led_blink
22:50:50] Return_F X <0> X start_required
22:50:51] Return_K X <0> X control_down
22:50:51] Return_K X <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:51] Return_K X <0> X start_rules
22:50:52] Return_Y X <0> X stock_manager
22:50:52] Return_Y X <0> X blink_led

重击解决方案

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# prefix-join.sh

# Get the input files as command-line arguments
input_file_1="$1"
input_file_2="$2"

# Set the internal field separator to be a newline (don't include spaces or tabs)
IFS=$'\n'

# Iterate over the lines of the first input file
for line_1 in $(cat "${input_file_1}"); do

    # Split the line on the first space
    prefix_1="${line_1/ */}";
    suffix_1="${line_1#*] }";

    # Iterate over the lines of the second input file
    for line_2 in $(cat "${input_file_2}"); do

        # Split the line on the first space
        prefix_2="${line_2/ */}";
        suffix_2="${line_2#*] }";

        # If the prefixes agree, combine the suffixes and output the result
        if [[ "${prefix_1}" = "${prefix_2}" ]]; then
            echo "${prefix_1} ${suffix_1} X ${suffix_2}"
        fi 

    done
done

你可以像这样运行它：

bash prefix-join.sh file-1.txt file-2.txt

对于示例数据，这会产生与 Python 脚本相同的输出。

答案2

我通过以下命令完成

命令

for ((i=1;i<=5;i++)); do j=`awk -v i="$i" 'NR==i{print $1}' g1.txt`;k=`awk -v i="$i" 'NR==i{print $NF}' g1.txt`;awk -v j="$j" -v k="$k" '$1==j{print $1,k,$2,$3,$4}' g2.txt;done

输出

for ((i=1;i<=5;i++)); do j=`awk -v i="$i" 'NR==i{print $1}' g1.txt`;k=`awk -v i="$i" 'NR==i{print $NF}' g1.txt`;awk -v j="$j" -v k="$k" '$1==j{print $1,k,$2,$3,$4}' g2.txt;done

22:50:48] Return_M <0> X led_required
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X start_rules
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X leadstart
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X asynchronous_start
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X controldown
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X limiting_rules
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X stock_manager
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X led_blink
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X start_required
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X control_down
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X start_rules
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X stock_manager
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X blink_led

答案3

注意：这是重新运行我之前给你的回答（关于一个较新的问题，但我错过了这个新鲜问题）

假设这两个文件已排序，它们看起来是：

$ join file1 file2
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X led_required
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X start_rules
22:50:48] Return_M <0> X leadstart
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X asynchronous_start
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X controldown
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:49] Return_A <0> X limiting_rules
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X stock_manager
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X led_blink
22:50:50] Return_F <0> X start_required
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X control_down
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X select_set(3)
22:50:51] Return_K <0> X start_rules
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X stock_manager
22:50:52] Return_Y <0> X blink_led

这join实用程序执行关系型 INNER JOIN 操作在它的两个输入文件上。默认情况下，第一列是连接列，输入需要在此列中进行排序。

与新问题相比，该问题的另一件事是注意列的顺序。默认情况下，join始终首先放置连接列，然后是第一个文件中的所有列，然后是第二个文件中的所有列。

您可以使用 标志-o来更改此顺序join（请参阅手册）。

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