总结
试图弄清楚为什么两个具有相同模式的 wifi 客户端具有不同的比特率，并且报告的互联网流量比 LAN 中的更好。
我正在测试我的 WiFi 设置Netgear Nighthawk R7000（FW V1.0.7.2_1.1.93）带有宏碁 Travelmate B113 E（linux 4.4.0.47-generic）和一个三星NP900X3E（Linux 4.4.0.45-通用）。
两台笔记本电脑上的 Wifi 适配器的802.11a/n最大限制分别为：
B113E型
*-network
description: Wireless interface
product: AR9462 Wireless Network Adapter
vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
logical name: wlp3s0
version: 01
serial: 48:5a:b6:08:fb:a7
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=4.4.0-47-generic firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11abgn
resources: irq:17 memory:c0500000-c057ffff memory:c0580000-c058ffff
NP900X3E
*-network
description: Wireless interface
product: Centrino Advanced-N 6235
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
logical name: wlp1s0
version: 24
serial: c8:f7:33:e9:a3:3b
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.4.0-45-generic firmware=18.168.6.1 ip=10.0.0.5 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11abgn
resources: irq:33 memory:f0600000-f0601fff
我在这里发现的配置偏差是：
- B113 内核模块配置的参数“link”设置为“no”，另一个设置为“yes”。
- WiFi 适配器使用不同的驱动程序。
当这些连接到路由器时，它们由于某种原因具有不同的比特率：
B113E型
wlp3s0 IEEE 802.11abgn ESSID:"lash5g"
Mode:Managed Frequency:5.22 GHz Access Point: DC:EF:09:B2:DC:55
Bit Rate=115.6 Mb/s Tx-Power=14 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=70/70 Signal level=-27 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:48 Missed beacon:0
NP900X3E
wlp1s0 IEEE 802.11abgn ESSID:"lash5g"
Mode:Managed Frequency:5.22 GHz Access Point: DC:EF:09:B2:DC:55
Bit Rate=72.2 Mb/s Tx-Power=15 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=70/70 Signal level=-25 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:43 Missed beacon:0
iperf当使用（默认设置）测试第三台笔记本电脑时路由器交换机上的 100Mbps 以太网 TP 链路， 这NP900X3E（10.0.0.5）似乎比B113E型（10.0.0.3），其上行带宽看起来比下行带宽更大，但两者仍然明显差于所报告的比特率iwconfig：
lash@vivace:~$ iperf -s -i1
------------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[ 4] local 10.0.0.4 port 5001 connected with 10.0.0.5 port 54516
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.0- 1.0 sec 3.32 MBytes 27.9 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 1.0- 2.0 sec 3.52 MBytes 29.5 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 2.0- 3.0 sec 3.65 MBytes 30.6 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 3.0- 4.0 sec 3.58 MBytes 30.0 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 4.0- 5.0 sec 3.64 MBytes 30.6 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 5.0- 6.0 sec 3.53 MBytes 29.6 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 6.0- 7.0 sec 3.58 MBytes 30.0 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 7.0- 8.0 sec 3.52 MBytes 29.5 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 8.0- 9.0 sec 3.50 MBytes 29.4 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 9.0-10.0 sec 3.67 MBytes 30.8 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 0.0-10.1 sec 35.8 MBytes 29.8 Mbits/sec
[ 5] local 10.0.0.4 port 5001 connected with 10.0.0.3 port 50884
[ 5] 0.0- 1.0 sec 563 KBytes 4.61 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.0- 2.0 sec 557 KBytes 4.56 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.0- 3.0 sec 563 KBytes 4.61 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.0- 4.0 sec 561 KBytes 4.60 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.0- 5.0 sec 564 KBytes 4.62 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 5.0- 6.0 sec 557 KBytes 4.56 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 6.0- 7.0 sec 567 KBytes 4.65 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 7.0- 8.0 sec 563 KBytes 4.61 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 8.0- 9.0 sec 576 KBytes 4.71 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 9.0-10.0 sec 567 KBytes 4.65 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 0.0-10.4 sec 5.75 MBytes 4.62 Mbits/sec
当从NP900X3E到B113E型后者的吞吐量相同，但前者的吞吐量只有后者的一半：
[ 3] local 10.0.0.5 port 47182 connected with 10.0.0.3 port 5001
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 3] 0.0- 1.0 sec 1.75 MBytes 14.7 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 1.0- 2.0 sec 1.75 MBytes 14.7 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 2.0- 3.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 3.0- 4.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 4.0- 5.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 5.0- 6.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 6.0- 7.0 sec 1.75 MBytes 14.7 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 7.0- 8.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 8.0- 9.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 9.0-10.0 sec 1.62 MBytes 13.6 Mbits/sec
[ 3] 0.0-10.1 sec 16.8 MBytes 14.0 Mbits/sec
当测试速度测试网但它们的吞吐量相同，下载速度约 50 Mbps，上传速度约 4.5 Mbit，这比 LAN 测试好很多。
对于我来说，这个结果没有什么意义，因为互联网测试的结果远胜于 LAN 测试，而且对于比特率较高的连接，LAN 测试的结果更差。
那么，什么样的测量工具和程序组合才能产生更加同质化和合理的结果呢？
附言：根据这篇文章，100Mbps+应该只有802.11ac当B113E型没有。那么怎么可能呢115.6Mbps？为什么它比NP900X3E当它们是同一种模式时？