我正在尝试编译 gcc。我从 GCC 网站下载了最新版本（版本 6.3.0），但在构建 gcc 时遇到了一些问题。我将以下选项传递给 configure 脚本：
configure --prefix=<location I want to install> --disable-multilib --disable-linux-futex
注意：此编译无需 configure 选项即可顺利完成--disable-linux-futex。我需要通过，--disable-linux-futex因为我正在尝试使用 valgrind 调试我编写的使用 OpenMP 的程序，他们告诉我我需要使用该选项编译 GCC。输入后，make构建开始并成功运行了很长时间，直到我收到以下错误：
make[3]: Entering directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc'
# If this is the top-level multilib, build all the other
# multilibs.
# Early copyback; see "all" above for the rationale. The
# early copy is necessary so that the gcc -B options find
# the right startup files when linking shared libgcc.
/bin/sh ../../../gcc-6.3.0/libgcc/../mkinstalldirs ../.././gcc
parts="crtbegin.o crtbeginS.o crtbeginT.o crtend.o crtendS.o crtprec32.o crtprec64.o crtprec80.o crtfastmath.o"; \
for file in $parts; do \
rm -f ../.././gcc/$file; \
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 $file ../.././gcc/; \
case $file in \
*.a) \
ranlib ../.././gcc/$file ;; \
esac; \
done
# @multilib_flags@ is still needed because this may use
# /home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/./gcc/xgcc -B/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/./gcc/ -B/home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/bin/ -B/home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib/ -isystem /home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/include -isystem /home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/sys-include and -O2 -g -O2 -DIN_GCC -W -Wall -Wno-narrowing -Wwrite-strings -Wcast-qual -Wno-format -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wold-style-definition -isystem ./include -fpic -mlong-double-80 -DUSE_ELF_SYMVER -g -DIN_LIBGCC2 -fbuilding-libgcc -fno-stack-protector directly.
# @multilib_dir@ is not really necessary, but sometimes it has
# more uses than just a directory name.
/bin/sh ../../../gcc-6.3.0/libgcc/../mkinstalldirs .
/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/./gcc/xgcc -B/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/./gcc/ -B/home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/bin/ -B/home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib/ -isystem /home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/include -isystem /home/ahanlon/.local/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/sys-include -O2 -g -O2 -DIN_GCC -W -Wall -Wno-narrowing -Wwrite-strings -Wcast-qual -Wno-format -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wold-style-definition -isystem ./include -fpic -mlong-double-80 -DUSE_ELF_SYMVER -g -DIN_LIBGCC2 -fbuilding-libgcc -fno-stack-protector -shared -nodefaultlibs -Wl,--soname=libgcc_s.so.1 -Wl,--version-script=libgcc.map -o ./libgcc_s.so.1.tmp -g -O2 -B./ _muldi3_s.o _negdi2_s.o _lshrdi3_s.o _ashldi3_s.o _ashrdi3_s.o _cmpdi2_s.o _ucmpdi2_s.o _clear_cache_s.o _trampoline_s.o __main_s.o _absvsi2_s.o _absvdi2_s.o _addvsi3_s.o _addvdi3_s.o _subvsi3_s.o _subvdi3_s.o _mulvsi3_s.o _mulvdi3_s.o _negvsi2_s.o _negvdi2_s.o _ctors_s.o _ffssi2_s.o _ffsdi2_s.o _clz_s.o _clzsi2_s.o _clzdi2_s.o _ctzsi2_s.o _ctzdi2_s.o _popcount_tab_s.o _popcountsi2_s.o _popcountdi2_s.o _paritysi2_s.o _paritydi2_s.o _powisf2_s.o _powidf2_s.o _powixf2_s.o _mulsc3_s.o _muldc3_s.o _mulxc3_s.o _divsc3_s.o _divdc3_s.o _divxc3_s.o _bswapsi2_s.o _bswapdi2_s.o _clrsbsi2_s.o _clrsbdi2_s.o _fixunssfsi_s.o _fixunsdfsi_s.o _fixunsxfsi_s.o _fixsfdi_s.o _fixdfdi_s.o _fixxfdi_s.o _fixunssfdi_s.o _fixunsdfdi_s.o _fixunsxfdi_s.o _floatdisf_s.o _floatdidf_s.o _floatdixf_s.o _floatundisf_s.o _floatundidf_s.o _floatundixf_s.o _divdi3_s.o _moddi3_s.o _udivdi3_s.o _umoddi3_s.o _udiv_w_sdiv_s.o _udivmoddi4_s.o cpuinfo_s.o sfp-exceptions_s.o addtf3_s.o divtf3_s.o multf3_s.o negtf2_s.o subtf3_s.o unordtf2_s.o fixtfsi_s.o fixunstfsi_s.o floatsitf_s.o floatunsitf_s.o fixtfdi_s.o fixunstfdi_s.o floatditf_s.o floatunditf_s.o fixtfti_s.o fixunstfti_s.o floattitf_s.o floatuntitf_s.o extendsftf2_s.o extenddftf2_s.o extendxftf2_s.o trunctfsf2_s.o trunctfdf2_s.o trunctfxf2_s.o getf2_s.o letf2_s.o eqtf2_s.o _divtc3_s.o _multc3_s.o _powitf2_s.o enable-execute-stack_s.o unwind-dw2_s.o unwind-dw2-fde-dip_s.o unwind-sjlj_s.o unwind-c_s.o emutls_s.o libgcc.a -lc && rm -f ./libgcc_s.so && if [ -f ./libgcc_s.so.1 ]; then mv -f ./libgcc_s.so.1 ./libgcc_s.so.1.backup; else true; fi && mv ./libgcc_s.so.1.tmp ./libgcc_s.so.1 && (echo "/* GNU ld script"; echo " Use the shared library, but some functions are only in"; echo " the static library. */"; echo "GROUP ( libgcc_s.so.1 -lgcc )" ) > ./libgcc_s.so
dest=../.././gcc/include/tmp$$-unwind.h; \
cp unwind.h $dest; \
chmod a+r $dest; \
sh ../../../gcc-6.3.0/libgcc/../move-if-change $dest ../.././gcc/include/unwind.h
# Now that we have built all the objects, we need to copy
# them back to the GCC directory. Too many things (other
# in-tree libraries, and DejaGNU) know about the layout
# of the build tree, for now.
make install-leaf DESTDIR=../.././gcc \
slibdir= libsubdir= MULTIOSDIR=.
make[4]: Entering directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc'
/bin/sh ../../../gcc-6.3.0/libgcc/../mkinstalldirs ../.././gcc
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 libgcc_eh.a ../.././gcc/
chmod 644 ../.././gcc/libgcc_eh.a
ranlib ../.././gcc/libgcc_eh.a
ranlib: /usr/lib/libLLVM-3.9.so: symbol _ZNSt28__atomic_futex_unsigned_base19_M_futex_notify_allEPj, version GLIBCXX_3.4.21 not defined in file libstdc++.so.6 with link time reference
make[4]: *** [Makefile:1115: install-shared] Segmentation fault (core dumped)
make[4]: Leaving directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc'
make[3]: *** [Makefile:113: all] Error 2
make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc'
make[2]: *** [Makefile:17378: all-stage1-target-libgcc] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build'
make[1]: *** [Makefile:23677: stage1-bubble] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/ahanlon/packages/gcc-6.3.0-build'
make: *** [Makefile:914: all] Error 2
问题似乎出在 ranlib 上../.././gcc/libgcc_eh.a，但我不知道该怎么做，也不知道 ranlib 应该做什么。任何帮助都将不胜感激。如果我能提供有关我的设置的更多有用详细信息，请告诉我。
答案1
可能是依赖关系问题。我参考了这个错误信息：
ranlib：/usr/lib/libLLVM-3.9.so：符号 _ZNSt28__atomic_futex_unsigned_base19_M_futex_notify_allEPj，版本 GLIBCXX_3.4.21 未在文件 libstdc++.so.6 中定义，带有链接时间参考
这可能意味着您的库与您正在编译的编译器版本不匹配。makefile 正在寻找 GLIBCXX 版本 3.4.21，而您显然没有这个版本。
我建议更新 Linux 以匹配您正在编译的 GCC 版本，或者使用与您的库匹配的旧版本的 GCC。
有关更多信息和建议，请参阅这些 Ask Ubuntu 帖子：