升级后从Debian 破坏者(10) 至靶心(11)，我的Ath10k卡片Compex WLE900VX IEEE 802.11ac/a/b/g/n不再出现。运行ip a显示 UP 管理状态，但显示 DOWN 操作状态：
wlp3s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
我现在已经恢复了 Debian 升级，执行了 Debian buster 的全新安装，但问题仍然存在。
客户端无法看到无线网络，因此它看起来确实已关闭。以前这工作得很好，Debian 升级是唯一的变化。
dmesg | grep wlp3s0最后几行：
[ 13.616576] device wlp3s0 entered promiscuous mode
[ 37.410198] device wlp3s0 left promiscuous mode
[ 37.414949] br0: port 2(wlp3s0) entered disabled state
dmesg | grep wlp3s0最后几行在同一台正在运行的设备上:
[ 18.914881] device wlp3s0 entered promiscuous mode
[ 22.303753] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlp3s0: link becomes ready
[ 22.310361] br0: port 2(wlp3s0) entered blocking state
[ 22.315651] br0: port 2(wlp3s0) entered forwarding state
dmesg | grep ath10k:
[ 8.719417] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: pci irq msi oper_irq_mode 2 irq_mode 0 reset_mode 0
[ 8.898596] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: failed to load ath10k/pre-cal-pci-0000:03:00.0.bin (-2)
[ 8.920241] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: failed to load ath10k/cal-pci-0000:03:00.0.bin (-2)
[ 8.940058] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: failed to load ath10k/QCA988X/hw2.0/firmware-6.bin (-2)
[ 8.951931] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware ath10k/QCA988X/hw2.0/firmware-5.bin
[ 8.962553] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: qca988x hw2.0 target 0x4100016c chip_id 0x043202ff sub 0000:0000
[ 9.003670] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: kconfig debug 0 debugfs 0 tracing 0 dfs 0 testmode 0
[ 9.004463] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware ver 10.2.4-1.0-00041 api 5 features no-p2p,raw-mode,mfp,allows-mesh-bcast crc32 f43fa422
[ 9.059335] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: failed to load ath10k/QCA988X/hw2.0/board-2.bin (-2)
[ 9.069730] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware ath10k/QCA988X/hw2.0/board.bin
[ 9.079936] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: board_file api 1 bmi_id N/A crc32 bebc7c08
[ 10.234730] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: htt-ver 2.1 wmi-op 5 htt-op 2 cal otp max-sta 128 raw 0 hwcrypto 1
[ 13.559842] ath10k_pci 0000:03:00.0: pdev param 0 not supported by firmware
相关线路来自/etc/network/interfaces：
# Wired
auto enp1s0
iface enp1s0 inet manual
# Wireless
auto wlp3s0
iface wlp3s0 inet manual
# Bridge - note that wlp3s0 will be added to bridge_ports by hostapd
auto br0
iface br0 inet static
bridge_ports enp1s0
address 192.168.1.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
我的设备条目来自lspci：
03:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA986x/988x 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter
iw dev:
Interface wlp3s0
ifindex 5
wdev 0x1
addr 04:f0:21:88:34:71
type managed
txpower 0.00 dBm
multicast TXQ:
qsz-byt qsz-pkt flows drops marks overlmt hashcol tx-bytes tx-packets
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
tail /var/log/syslog之后systemctl restart networking：
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 systemd[1]: Stopping Raise network interfaces...
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 kernel: [244432.725354] br0: port 1(enp1s0) entered disabled state
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 kernel: [244432.786836] device enp1s0 left promiscuous mode
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 kernel: [244432.791588] br0: port 1(enp1s0) entered disabled state
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 kernel: [244432.826363] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 systemd[1]: networking.service: Succeeded.
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 systemd[1]: Stopped Raise network interfaces.
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 systemd[1]: Starting Raise network interfaces...
Jun 18 10:55:42 host1 kernel: [244433.133733] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 systemd-udevd[2403]: Using default interface naming scheme 'v240'.
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 systemd-udevd[2403]: link_config: autonegotiation is unset or enabled, the speed and duplex are not writable.
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 systemd-udevd[2403]: Could not generate persistent MAC address for br0: No such file or directory
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 kernel: [244433.205584] br0: port 1(enp1s0) entered blocking state
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 kernel: [244433.211051] br0: port 1(enp1s0) entered disabled state
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 kernel: [244433.216938] device enp1s0 entered promiscuous mode
Jun 18 10:55:43 host1 kernel: [244433.234966] br0: port 1(enp1s0) entered blocking state
iw list相同的破碎机和工作机之间的输出完全相同：
Wiphy phy0
max # scan SSIDs: 16
max scan IEs length: 195 bytes
max # sched scan SSIDs: 0
max # match sets: 0
max # scan plans: 1
max scan plan interval: -1
max scan plan iterations: 0
Retry short limit: 7
Retry long limit: 4
Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m)
Device supports RSN-IBSS.
Device supports AP-side u-APSD.
Supported Ciphers:
* WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1)
* WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5)
* TKIP (00-0f-ac:2)
* CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4)
* CMAC (00-0f-ac:6)
* CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13)
* GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11)
* GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12)
Available Antennas: TX 0x7 RX 0x7
Configured Antennas: TX 0x7 RX 0x7
Supported interface modes:
* managed
* AP
* monitor
* mesh point
Band 1:
Capabilities: 0x19ef
RX LDPC
HT20/HT40
SM Power Save disabled
RX HT20 SGI
RX HT40 SGI
TX STBC
RX STBC 1-stream
Max AMSDU length: 7935 bytes
DSSS/CCK HT40
Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 8 usec (0x06)
HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-23
Bitrates (non-HT):
* 1.0 Mbps
* 2.0 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 5.5 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 11.0 Mbps (short preamble supported)
* 6.0 Mbps
* 9.0 Mbps
* 12.0 Mbps
* 18.0 Mbps
* 24.0 Mbps
* 36.0 Mbps
* 48.0 Mbps
* 54.0 Mbps
Frequencies:
* 2412 MHz [1] (20.0 dBm)
* 2417 MHz [2] (20.0 dBm)
* 2422 MHz [3] (20.0 dBm)
* 2427 MHz [4] (20.0 dBm)
* 2432 MHz [5] (20.0 dBm)
* 2437 MHz [6] (20.0 dBm)
* 2442 MHz [7] (20.0 dBm)
* 2447 MHz [8] (20.0 dBm)
* 2452 MHz [9] (20.0 dBm)
* 2457 MHz [10] (20.0 dBm)
* 2462 MHz [11] (20.0 dBm)
* 2467 MHz [12] (disabled)
* 2472 MHz [13] (disabled)
* 2484 MHz [14] (disabled)
Band 2:
Capabilities: 0x19ef
RX LDPC
HT20/HT40
SM Power Save disabled
RX HT20 SGI
RX HT40 SGI
TX STBC
RX STBC 1-stream
Max AMSDU length: 7935 bytes
DSSS/CCK HT40
Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 8 usec (0x06)
HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-23
VHT Capabilities (0x338001b2):
Max MPDU length: 11454
Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80
RX LDPC
short GI (80 MHz)
TX STBC
RX antenna pattern consistency
TX antenna pattern consistency
VHT RX MCS set:
1 streams: MCS 0-9
2 streams: MCS 0-9
3 streams: MCS 0-9
4 streams: not supported
5 streams: not supported
6 streams: not supported
7 streams: not supported
8 streams: not supported
VHT RX highest supported: 0 Mbps
VHT TX MCS set:
1 streams: MCS 0-9
2 streams: MCS 0-9
3 streams: MCS 0-9
4 streams: not supported
5 streams: not supported
6 streams: not supported
7 streams: not supported
8 streams: not supported
VHT TX highest supported: 0 Mbps
Bitrates (non-HT):
* 6.0 Mbps
* 9.0 Mbps
* 12.0 Mbps
* 18.0 Mbps
* 24.0 Mbps
* 36.0 Mbps
* 48.0 Mbps
* 54.0 Mbps
Frequencies:
* 5180 MHz [36] (23.0 dBm)
* 5200 MHz [40] (23.0 dBm)
* 5220 MHz [44] (23.0 dBm)
* 5240 MHz [48] (23.0 dBm)
* 5260 MHz [52] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5280 MHz [56] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5300 MHz [60] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5320 MHz [64] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5500 MHz [100] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5520 MHz [104] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5540 MHz [108] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5560 MHz [112] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5580 MHz [116] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5600 MHz [120] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5620 MHz [124] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5640 MHz [128] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5660 MHz [132] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5680 MHz [136] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5700 MHz [140] (23.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
* 5720 MHz [144] (disabled)
* 5745 MHz [149] (disabled)
* 5765 MHz [153] (disabled)
* 5785 MHz [157] (disabled)
* 5805 MHz [161] (disabled)
* 5825 MHz [165] (disabled)
* 5845 MHz [169] (disabled)
* 5865 MHz [173] (disabled)
Supported commands:
* new_interface
* set_interface
* new_key
* start_ap
* new_station
* new_mpath
* set_mesh_config
* set_bss
* authenticate
* associate
* deauthenticate
* disassociate
* join_ibss
* join_mesh
* remain_on_channel
* set_tx_bitrate_mask
* frame
* frame_wait_cancel
* set_wiphy_netns
* set_channel
* set_wds_peer
* probe_client
* set_noack_map
* register_beacons
* start_p2p_device
* set_mcast_rate
* connect
* disconnect
* channel_switch
* set_qos_map
* set_multicast_to_unicast
Supported TX frame types:
* IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* mesh point: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
* P2P-device: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
Supported RX frame types:
* IBSS: 0x40 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* managed: 0x40 0xd0
* AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* mesh point: 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* P2P-client: 0x40 0xd0
* P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
* P2P-device: 0x40 0xd0
software interface modes (can always be added):
* monitor
valid interface combinations:
* #{ AP, mesh point } <= 8, #{ managed } <= 1,
total <= 8, #channels <= 1, STA/AP BI must match
HT Capability overrides:
* MCS: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff
* maximum A-MSDU length
* supported channel width
* short GI for 40 MHz
* max A-MPDU length exponent
* min MPDU start spacing
Device supports TX status socket option.
Device supports HT-IBSS.
Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command
Device supports scan flush.
Device supports AP scan.
Device supports per-vif TX power setting
Driver supports full state transitions for AP/GO clients
Driver supports a userspace MPM
Driver/device bandwidth changes during BSS lifetime (AP/GO mode)
Device supports static SMPS
Device supports configuring vdev MAC-addr on create.
Supported extended features:
* [ VHT_IBSS ]: VHT-IBSS
* [ RRM ]: RRM
* [ SET_SCAN_DWELL ]: scan dwell setting
* [ FILS_STA ]: STA FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup)
* [ CQM_RSSI_LIST ]: multiple CQM_RSSI_THOLD records
* [ CONTROL_PORT_OVER_NL80211 ]: control port over nl80211
* [ TXQS ]: FQ-CoDel-enabled intermediate TXQs
答案1
我有同样的无线网卡在升级到比 Buster 提供的内核更新的 Debian 内核后，我的所有其他 Atheros Ath10k Wifi 设备都遇到了一个非常相似的问题，需要修补 ath.ko。
从我当时收集到的信息来看，问题在于 Buster 内核和 Bullseye 内核之间的某个地方更新了频道选择和区域代码，并且全部我的 Atheros 卡有0“更新”后，5Ghz 上客户端站以外的模式的可用频率。
内核源代码提供了一个选项，使用户能够覆盖损坏区域检测，但 Debian 并未在内核构建中启用该选项。
所以，我当时看到的两个糟糕的选择是：
- 使用中性区域检测重新编译 ath.ko（来自 openwrt 的 5 行补丁）-> 10 分钟工作。
- 重新编译整个内核，并将选项“CERTIFICATION_ONUS”设置为“让系统所有者决定”-> 编译时间更长并且需要重新启动。
两者都会产生“受污染的内核”警告，并且在软件包更新期间需要注意，以便捕获内核源代码和 wpa_supplicant 的更新，以便在重新启动之前重新编译它们以获得工作的 wifi。
尽管我很喜欢 Debian，但 Debian 上的 Wifi 却很痛苦。
我认为这是一个“肮脏的解决方法”，但没有时间研究正确的解决方案，我怀疑它类似于“将密钥添加到安全启动 uefi 配置，更新后使用 apt-hooks 重新编译和签名内核/模块，祈祷没有‘受污染’的警告”。
如果没有 atk.ko 补丁，则输出中的所有 5Ghz 频率iw phy均已NO-IR设置。
如果这对您有用，我可以完善我拥有的脚本/补丁，并将它们编辑到这篇文章中。