我正在尝试在 Windows 10 中设置一个环境，以便我可以使用 Python 3 进行编程并随意使用库和模块。我似乎无法通过 Cygwin 实现这一点。
编辑：我重写了这个问题的大部分内容，使其更贴切。从这里开始有更好的细节。
通过 Cygwin 安装程序python3、python3-devel、python3-setuptools和进行选择并安装gcc。make
我已经安装了 pip/pip3（并确保不会干扰非 Cygwin python），并正在尝试安装 numpy。这是我运行时得到的错误$ pip3 install numpy：
（和 都$ python3可以$ easy_install-3.6正常工作，并且与“正常”的 Python 隔离，尽管$ easy_install-3.6给出了与 相同的错误$ pip3）
$ pip3 install numpy
Collecting numpy
Using cached numpy-1.13.1.zip
Installing collected packages: numpy
Running setup.py install for numpy ... error
Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-gixpv_hq-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
Running from numpy source directory.
Note: if you need reliable uninstall behavior, then install
with pip instead of using `setup.py install`:
- `pip install .` (from a git repo or downloaded source
release)
- `pip install numpy` (last NumPy release on PyPi)
blas_opt_info:
blas_mkl_info:
libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
blis_info:
libraries blis not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
openblas_info:
libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_blas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
libraries tatlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_blas_info:
libraries satlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_blas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_blas_info:
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
the ATLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
blas_info:
libraries blas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
the BLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
blas_src_info:
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
NOT AVAILABLE
/bin/sh: svnversion: command not found
non-existing path in 'numpy/distutils': 'site.cfg'
/bin/sh: svnversion: command not found
F2PY Version 2
lapack_opt_info:
lapack_mkl_info:
libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
openblas_lapack_info:
libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_threads_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_3_10_info:
libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_3_10_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_threads_info:
Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_threads_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
atlas_info:
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
<class 'numpy.distutils.system_info.atlas_info'>
NOT AVAILABLE
lapack_info:
libraries lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib']
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
the LAPACK environment variable.
self.calc_info()
lapack_src_info:
NOT AVAILABLE
/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
NOT AVAILABLE
/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py:261: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
warnings.warn(msg)
running install
running build
running config_cc
unifing config_cc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --compiler options
running config_fc
unifing config_fc, config, build_clib, build_ext, build commands --fcompiler options
running build_src
build_src
building py_modules sources
creating build
creating build/src.cygwin-2.8.2-x86_64-3.6
creating build/src.cygwin-2.8.2-x86_64-3.6/numpy
creating build/src.cygwin-2.8.2-x86_64-3.6/numpy/distutils
building library "npymath" sources
customize GnuFCompiler
Could not locate executable g77
Could not locate executable f77
customize IntelVisualFCompiler
Could not locate executable ifort
Could not locate executable ifl
customize AbsoftFCompiler
Could not locate executable f90
customize CompaqVisualFCompiler
Found executable /usr/bin/DF
customize IntelItaniumVisualFCompiler
Could not locate executable efl
customize Gnu95FCompiler
Could not locate executable gfortran
Could not locate executable f95
customize G95FCompiler
Could not locate executable g95
don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'posix'
C compiler: gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -ggdb -O2 -pipe -Wimplicit-function-declaration -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.6.1-1.x86_64/build=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.6.1-1 -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.6.1-1.x86_64/src/Python-3.6.1=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.6.1-1 -ggdb -O2 -pipe -Wimplicit-function-declaration -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.6.1-1.x86_64/build=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.6.1-1 -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.6.1-1.x86_64/src/Python-3.6.1=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.6.1-1
compile options: '-Inumpy/core/src/private -Inumpy/core/src -Inumpy/core -Inumpy/core/src/npymath -Inumpy/core/src/multiarray -Inumpy/core/src/umath -Inumpy/core/src/npysort -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c'
gcc: _configtest.c
/bin/bash: gcc: command not found
/bin/bash: gcc: command not found
failure.
removing: _configtest.c _configtest.o
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/setup.py", line 392, in <module>
setup_package()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/setup.py", line 384, in setup_package
setup(**metadata)
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
return old_setup(**new_attr)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 62, in run
r = self.setuptools_run()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 36, in setuptools_run
return distutils_install.run(self)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/install.py", line 545, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build.py", line 47, in run
old_build.run(self)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 148, in run
self.build_sources()
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 159, in build_sources
self.build_library_sources(*libname_info)
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 294, in build_library_sources
sources = self.generate_sources(sources, (lib_name, build_info))
File "/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 377, in generate_sources
source = func(extension, build_dir)
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 674, in get_mathlib_info
raise RuntimeError("Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program")
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-gixpv_hq-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-0v7a07po/numpy/