刚刚在 Arch Linux 上升级到 PostgreSQL 10.1。创建了一个全新的数据库，我正在尝试安装 postgis，但它给出了以下错误：
local=# create extension postgis;
ERROR: could not load library "/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so": /usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined symbol: Float8GetDatum
ldd输出：
$ ldd /usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffec6f4d000)
libgeos_c.so.1 => /usr/lib/libgeos_c.so.1 (0x00007f6e00788000)
libproj.so.12 => /usr/lib/libproj.so.12 (0x00007f6e0051e000)
libjson-c.so.2 => /usr/lib/libjson-c.so.2 (0x00007f6e00313000)
libxml2.so.2 => /usr/lib/libxml2.so.2 (0x00007f6dfffad000)
libm.so.6 => /usr/lib/libm.so.6 (0x00007f6dffc61000)
libc.so.6 => /usr/lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007f6dff8a9000)
libgeos-3.6.2.so => /usr/lib/libgeos-3.6.2.so (0x00007f6dff4fc000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f6dff175000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f6dfef5e000)
libpthread.so.0 => /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f6dfed40000)
libdl.so.2 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f6dfeb3c000)
libicuuc.so.59 => /usr/lib/libicuuc.so.59 (0x00007f6dfe78c000)
libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007f6dfe575000)
liblzma.so.5 => /usr/lib/liblzma.so.5 (0x00007f6dfe34f000)
/usr/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f6e00c6b000)
libicudata.so.59 => /usr/lib/libicudata.so.59 (0x00007f6dfc83c000)
据我所知，“未定义符号”意味着库之间存在一些不兼容性，但是，我没有忽略任何包pacman.conf，所以我不确定不兼容性来自哪里。
编辑：ld -v输出：
$ ld -v /usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.29.1
ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; not setting start address
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_palloc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `WinGetPartitionLocalMemory'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DirectFunctionCall3Coll'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `numeric_int4'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DatumGetFloat8'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `examine_variable'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_do_encoding_conversion'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `GetCurrentTransactionId'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `per_MultiFuncCall'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `Float8GetDatum'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errhint'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errfinish'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `datumCopy'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_modifytuple'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_typlenbyvalalign'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `deconstruct_array'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_attnum'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `WinGetFuncArgInPartition'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_fnumber'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `makeMdArrayResult'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DirectFunctionCall1Coll'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_atoi'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_guc_variables'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `heap_freetuple'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `init_MultiFuncCall'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_call_result_type'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `palloc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `MemoryContextDelete'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errmsg'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `WinGetFuncArgCurrent'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_detoast_datum_slice'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `accumArrayResult'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `MemoryContextCreate'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `hash_search'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `TupleDescGetAttInMetadata'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `ProcessInterrupts'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_qsort'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_finish'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `list_nth'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `textout'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `ReleaseSysCache'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_exec'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `WinGetCurrentPosition'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DirectFunctionCall2Coll'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DirectFunctionCall4Coll'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_gettype'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_connect'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errstart'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_getbinval'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `end_MultiFuncCall'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `regclassin'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `repalloc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `WinGetPartitionRowCount'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `BlessTupleDesc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `CurrentMemoryContext'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `AggCheckCallContext'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_tuptable'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DirectFunctionCall5Coll'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_fn_expr_argtype'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_attstatsslot'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `array_iterate'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_detoast_datum'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pg_detoast_datum_copy'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `default_statistics_target'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `hash_create'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `array_create_iterator'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_getvalue'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `HeapTupleHeaderGetDatum'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `GetDatabaseEncoding'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `GetNumConfigOptions'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `my_exec_path'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `heap_form_tuple'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `construct_array'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `ArrayGetNItems'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pfree'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SearchSysCache'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `elog_start'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_share_path'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `hash_any'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_typbyval'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errcode'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `MemoryContextAlloc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `palloc0'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_typlen'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `array_free_iterator'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `get_rel_name'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `BuildTupleFromCStrings'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `RelationNameGetTupleDesc'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `SPI_processed'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `errmsg_internal'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `vacuum_delay_point'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pqsignal'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `free_attstatsslot'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `DefineCustomStringVariable'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `elog_finish'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `pstrdup'
/usr/lib/postgresql/postgis-2.4.so: undefined reference to `InterruptPending'
答案1
实际上我刚刚在 arch linux 下构建了 postgis 扩展。没有问题。
在某处打开包装
./autogen.sh然后./configure然后运行make
这花了我 10 分钟，机器不是很快
然后转到您的 postgrest 安装文件夹/usr/lib/postgresql并复制 2 个文件：/postgis-2.4.1/postgis/postgis-2.4.so和postgis-2.4.1/raster/rt_pg/rtpostgis-2.4.so。就这样。
现在你可以create extension postgis;无错误地运行
答案2
根据我在这里记录的错误，https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/56296?opened=19601&status%5B0%5D=，postgis 2.4.1-2已经发布，引入了与 PostgreSQL 10.1 的兼容性。
我升级了所有软件包，现在一切都运行良好。