这sysupgrade基于升级说明建议使用以下 sysupgrade 示例：
cd /tmp wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05/****/generic/filename-of-downloaded-sysupgrade.bin
sysupgrade -v /tmp/filename-of-downloaded-sysupgrade.bin
我的路由器在 OpenWRT 上的页面技术数据：Linksys WRT1900ACS v1建议“固件 OpenWrt 升级 URL”是https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar--tar而不是bin--我不知道这是否重要- 它不是。
下载：
root@OpenWrt:~# wget https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
--2018-02-04 16:23:18-- https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
Resolving downloads.openwrt.org... 2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3, 148.251.78.235
Connecting to downloads.openwrt.org|2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3|:443... failed: Permission denied.
Connecting to downloads.openwrt.org|148.251.78.235|:443... connected.
ERROR: cannot verify downloads.openwrt.org's certificate, issued by 'CN=Let\'s Encrypt Authority X3,O=Let\'s Encrypt,C=US':
Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority.
To connect to downloads.openwrt.org insecurely, use `--no-check-certificate'.
看起来 Let's Encrypt 证书不太好 :(
root@OpenWrt:~# wget --no-check-certificate https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
--2018-02-04 16:23:28-- https://downloads.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
Resolving downloads.openwrt.org... 2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3, 148.251.78.235
Connecting to downloads.openwrt.org|2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3|:443... failed: Permission denied.
Connecting to downloads.openwrt.org|148.251.78.235|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify downloads.openwrt.org's certificate, issued by 'CN=Let\'s Encrypt Authority X3,O=Let\'s Encrypt,C=US':
Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://archive.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar [following]
--2018-02-04 16:23:28-- https://archive.openwrt.org/chaos_calmer/15.05.1/mvebu/generic/openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
Resolving archive.openwrt.org... 81.0.124.218
Connecting to archive.openwrt.org|81.0.124.218|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify archive.openwrt.org's certificate, issued by 'CN=Let\'s Encrypt Authority X3,O=Let\'s Encrypt,C=US':
Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4239360 (4.0M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: 'openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar'
openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-sq 100%[===============================================================================================================>] 4.04M 3.35MB/s in 1.2s
2018-02-04 16:23:29 (3.35 MB/s) - 'openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar' saved [4239360/4239360]
尝试使用柏油文件
root@OpenWrt:/tmp# sysupgrade -v openwrt-15.05.1-mvebu-armada-385-linksys-shelby-squashfs-sysupgrade.tar
Saving config files...
etc/collectd.conf
etc/config/dhcp
etc/config/dropbear
etc/config/firewall
etc/config/luci
etc/config/luci_statistics
etc/config/network
etc/config/openvpn
etc/config/openvpn_recipes
etc/config/pptpd
etc/config/qos
etc/config/rpcd
etc/config/samba
etc/config/system
etc/config/ubootenv
etc/config/ucitrack
etc/config/uhttpd
etc/config/wireless
etc/crontabs/root
etc/dnsmasq.conf
etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key
etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key
etc/firewall.user
etc/group
etc/hosts
etc/inittab
etc/openvpn/AU Melbourne.ovpn
etc/openvpn/AU Sydney.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Brazil.ovpn
etc/openvpn/CA North York.ovpn
etc/openvpn/CA Toronto.ovpn
etc/openvpn/France.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Germany.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Hong Kong.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Ireland.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Israel.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Italy.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Japan.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Mexico.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Netherlands.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Romania.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Russia.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Singapore.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Sweden.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Switzerland.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Turkey.ovpn
etc/openvpn/UK London.ovpn
etc/openvpn/UK Southampton.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US California.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US East.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Florida.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Midwest.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US New York City.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Seattle.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Silicon Valley.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Texas.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US West.ovpn
etc/openvpn/authuser
etc/openvpn/ca.crt
etc/openvpn/crl.pem
etc/openvpn/piageneric.ovpn
etc/opkg.conf
etc/opkg/customfeeds.conf
etc/opkg/keys/53bad1233d4c98c5
etc/passwd
etc/ppp/chap-secrets
etc/ppp/filter
etc/ppp/options
etc/ppp/options.pptpd
etc/pptpd.conf
etc/profile
etc/protocols
etc/rc.local
etc/samba/smb.conf.template
etc/services
etc/shadow
etc/shells
etc/ssl/openssl.cnf
etc/sysctl.conf
etc/sysupgrade.conf
etc/uhttpd.crt
etc/uhttpd.key
etc/uhttpd.key
etc/uhttpd.crt
killall: watchdog: no process killed
Sending TERM to remaining processes ... logd rpcd netifd odhcpd crond uhttpd smbd nmbd collectd ntpd dnsmasq ubusd askfirst
Sending KILL to remaining processes ... askfirst
Switching to ramdisk...
Performing system upgrade...
Cannot parse config file: No such file or directory
Cannot parse config file: No such file or directory
Error: environment not initialized
cannot find target partition
@OpenWrt:/tmp#
看来tar我使用的文件不太好。应该有其他bin文件吗？或者您还有什么建议？
更新：
我又试过了我的路由器的 Lede 详细信息- 这次是一个.bin文件……
cd /tmp wget --no-check-certificate https://downloads.lede-project.org/releases/17.01.4/targets/mvebu/generic/lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
sysupgrade -v lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
我在输出底部收到相同的错误：
Saving config files...
etc/collectd.conf
etc/config/dhcp
...
etc/uhttpd.crt
killall: watchdog: no process killed
Sending TERM to remaining processes ... logd rpcd netifd odhcpd crond uhttpd
smbd nmbd collectd ntpd dnsmasq ubusd askfirst
Sending KILL to remaining processes ... askfirst
Switching to ramdisk...
Performing system upgrade...
Cannot parse config file: No such file or directory
Cannot parse config file: No such file or directory
Error: environment not initialized
cannot find target partition
进一步看，这是失败的部分：Cannot parse config file
似乎是以前见过的东西（https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=298046#p298046）与我的路由器有关kernel1，kernel2/proc/mtd
在 WRT1900AC 和 WRT1900ACS 中，我们有两个设备：“固件”或“linux”，而不是在 /proc/mtd 中定义的一个设备：“kernel1”和“kernel2”，它们是冗余的。当当前固件在第一个上运行时，应该在第二个上刷新升级。然后如果出现问题，就可以返回。刷新后，需要切换到第二个闪存。
- 从https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=298084#p298084
我不知道下一步该怎么做。欢迎提供任何帮助或意见。
答案1
在阅读了更多内容之后，我更新了系统以添加遗憾的是缺失的正确配置文件：
# from https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/blob/master/package/boot/uboot-envtools/files/mvebu
touch /etc/config/ubootenv
. /lib/uboot-envtools.sh
. /lib/functions.sh
ubootenv_add_uci_config "/dev/mtd1" "0x0" "0x20000" "0x40000"
config_load ubootenv
config_foreach ubootenv_add_app_config ubootenv
reboot
完成后，我可以成功升级到 LEDE 的最新版本：
root@OpenWrt:/tmp# cd /tmp; wget --no-check-certificate https://downloads.lede-project.org/releases/17.01.4/targets/mvebu/generic/lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
--2018-02-05 11:16:05-- https://downloads.lede-project.org/releases/17.01.4/targets/mvebu/generic/lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
Resolving downloads.lede-project.org... 2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3, 148.251.78.235
Connecting to downloads.lede-project.org|2a01:4f8:202:43ea::3|:443... failed: Permission denied.
Connecting to downloads.lede-project.org|148.251.78.235|:443... connected.
WARNING: cannot verify downloads.lede-project.org's certificate, issued by 'CN=Let\'s Encrypt Authority X3,O=Let\'s Encrypt,C=US':
Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4853942 (4.6M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: 'lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin'
lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sys 100%[===============================================================================================================>] 4.63M 2.22MB/s in 2.1s
2018-02-05 11:16:08 (2.22 MB/s) - 'lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin' saved [4853942/4853942]
root@OpenWrt:/tmp# sysupgrade -v lede-17.01.4-mvebu-linksys-wrt1900acs-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
Saving config files...
etc/collectd.conf
etc/config/dhcp
etc/config/dropbear
etc/config/firewall
etc/config/luci
etc/config/luci_statistics
etc/config/network
etc/config/openvpn
etc/config/openvpn_recipes
etc/config/pptpd
etc/config/qos
etc/config/rpcd
etc/config/samba
etc/config/system
etc/config/ubootenv
etc/config/ucitrack
etc/config/uhttpd
etc/config/wireless
etc/crontabs/root
etc/dnsmasq.conf
etc/dropbear/dropbear_dss_host_key
etc/dropbear/dropbear_rsa_host_key
etc/firewall.user
etc/fw_env.config
etc/group
etc/hosts
etc/inittab
etc/openvpn/AU Melbourne.ovpn
etc/openvpn/AU Sydney.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Brazil.ovpn
etc/openvpn/CA North York.ovpn
etc/openvpn/CA Toronto.ovpn
etc/openvpn/France.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Germany.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Hong Kong.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Ireland.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Israel.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Italy.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Japan.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Mexico.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Netherlands.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Romania.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Russia.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Singapore.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Sweden.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Switzerland.ovpn
etc/openvpn/Turkey.ovpn
etc/openvpn/UK London.ovpn
etc/openvpn/UK Southampton.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US California.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US East.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Florida.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Midwest.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US New York City.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Seattle.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Silicon Valley.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US Texas.ovpn
etc/openvpn/US West.ovpn
etc/openvpn/authuser
etc/openvpn/ca.crt
etc/openvpn/crl.pem
etc/openvpn/piageneric.ovpn
etc/opkg.conf
etc/opkg/customfeeds.conf
etc/opkg/keys/53bad1233d4c98c5
etc/passwd
etc/ppp/chap-secrets
etc/ppp/filter
etc/ppp/options
etc/ppp/options.pptpd
etc/pptpd.conf
etc/profile
etc/protocols
etc/rc.local
etc/samba/smb.conf.template
etc/services
etc/shadow
etc/shells
etc/ssl/openssl.cnf
etc/sysctl.conf
etc/sysupgrade.conf
etc/uhttpd.crt
etc/uhttpd.key
etc/uhttpd.key
etc/uhttpd.crt
killall: watchdog: no process killed
Sending TERM to remaining processes ... logd rpcd netifd odhcpd crond uhttpd smbd nmbd collectd ntpd dnsmasq ubusd askfirst
Sending KILL to remaining processes ... askfirst
Switching to ramdisk...
Performing system upgrade...
Unlocking kernel1 ...
Writing from <stdin> to kernel1 ...
ubiattach: error!: cannot attach mtd5
error 22 (Invalid argument)
ubiformat: mtd5 (nand), size 35651584 bytes (34.0 MiB), 272 eraseblocks of 131072 bytes (128.0 KiB), min. I/O size 2048 bytes
libscan: scanning eraseblock 271 -- 100 % complete
ubiformat: 85 eraseblocks are supposedly empty
ubiformat: warning!: 187 of 272 eraseblocks contain non-UBI data
ubiformat: warning!: only 0 of 272 eraseblocks have valid erase counter
ubiformat: erase counter 0 will be used for all eraseblocks
ubiformat: note, arbitrary erase counter value may be specified using -e option
ubiformat: use erase counter 0 for all eraseblocks
ubiformat: formatting eraseblock 271 -- 100 % complete
UBI device number 2, total 272 LEBs (34537472 bytes, 32.9 MiB), available 248 LEBs (31490048 bytes, 30.0 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB)
Volume ID 0, size 22 LEBs (2793472 bytes, 2.7 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB), dynamic, name "rootfs", alignment 1
Set volume size to 28696576
Volume ID 1, size 226 LEBs (28696576 bytes, 27.4 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB), dynamic, name "rootfs_data", alignment 1
sysupgrade successful
重启后显示升级成功：
_________
/ /\ _ ___ ___ ___
/ LE / \ | | | __| \| __|
/ DE / \ | |__| _|| |) | _|
/________/ LE \ |____|___|___/|___| lede-project.org
\ \ DE /
\ LE \ / -----------------------------------------------------------
\ DE \ / Reboot (17.01.4, r3560-79f57e422d)
\________\/ -----------------------------------------------------------