一段时间以来，我一直遇到邮件问题，我决定今天就解决它们！现在我陷入困境。问题是，当我输入时，mail它不会显示我的邮件，查看邮件链接到的符号链接msmtp。我尝试将符号链接更新为postfix，但这不起作用，运行strace告诉我它正在工作：
sudo strace ln -sf /usr/sbin/mail /usr/sbin/postfix
execve("/bin/ln", ["ln", "-sf", "/usr/sbin/mail", "/usr/sbin/postfix"], [/* 13 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136f000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=62599, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 62599, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9edbd88000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9edbd87000
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9edb7a9000
mprotect(0x7f9edb969000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7f9edbb69000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c0000) = 0x7f9edbb69000
mmap(0x7f9edbb6f000, 14752, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9edbb6f000
close(3) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9edbd86000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9edbd85000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7f9edbd86700) = 0
mprotect(0x7f9edbb69000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x60c000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7f9edbd98000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7f9edbd88000, 62599) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136f000
brk(0x1390000) = 0x1390000
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2981280, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2981280, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9edb4d1000
close(3) = 0
stat("/usr/sbin/postfix", 0x7fff872ed280) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
lstat("/usr/sbin/postfix", {st_mode=S_IFLNK|0777, st_size=14, ...}) = 0
stat("/usr/sbin/mail", 0x7fff872ed0d0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
symlink("/usr/sbin/mail", "/usr/sbin/postfix") = -1 EEXIST (File exists)
unlink("/usr/sbin/postfix") = 0
symlink("/usr/sbin/mail", "/usr/sbin/postfix") = 0
lseek(0, 0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek)
close(0) = 0
close(1) = 0
close(2) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
但是，当我查看符号链接时：
ls -l /usr/sbin | grep "\->"
...
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jul 18 09:28 mail -> /usr/bin/msmtp
...
我决定msmtp使用 彻底卸载sudo apt-get remove msmtp --purge，这很有效。然后我尝试使用 再次创建符号链接sudo ln -sf /usr/sbin/mail /usr/sbin/postfix。现在，每当我输入邮件时，都会出现以下错误：
mail
-bash: /usr/sbin/mail: No such file or directory
然而：
sudo find / -iname "mail"
...
/usr/sbin/mail
...
是什么导致了我的命令出现问题mail？我该如何成功修复它？
输出sudo find / -iname "postfix"：
sudo find / -iname "postfix"
/etc/ufw/applications.d/postfix
/etc/resolvconf/update-libc.d/postfix
/etc/network/if-up.d/postfix
/etc/network/if-down.d/postfix
/etc/ppp/ip-up.d/postfix
/etc/ppp/ip-down.d/postfix
/etc/insserv.conf.d/postfix
/etc/init.d/postfix
/etc/postfix
/usr/share/doc/postfix
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/postfix
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/postfix
/usr/share/postfix
/usr/sbin/postfix #<=
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/fail2ban/tests/files/logs/postfix
/usr/lib/postfix
/var/spool/postfix
/var/lib/postfix
You have new mail in /home/serveradmin/Maildir
答案1
您的命令已使用链接-f覆盖了二进制文件。/usr/sbin/postfix
当您随后反转顺序时，没有二进制文件可以链接，尽管我预计会出现错误。
您需要/usr/sbin/postfix从备份或重新安装中重新安装二进制文件；正确的顺序ln -sf /usr/sbin/postfix /usr/sbin/mail现在将为您提供所需的链接。
在 Ubuntu 16.04 中，常规mail程序位于 中/usr/bin/，但默认情况下/usr/sbin/位于PATH列表的较早位置。