我为我的服务器设置了两个不同的 IP，并配有单独的默认网关。
/etc/*-release 命令用来检查是否已经发布。
/etc/centos-release:CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
/etc/os-release:NAME="CentOS Linux"
/etc/os-release:VERSION="7 (Core)"
/etc/os-release:ID="centos"
/etc/os-release:ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
/etc/os-release:VERSION_ID="7"
/etc/os-release:PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
/etc/os-release:ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
/etc/os-release:CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
/etc/os-release:HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
/etc/os-release:BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
/etc/os-release:CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
/etc/os-release:CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
/etc/os-release:REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
/etc/os-release:REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"
/etc/redhat-release:CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
/etc/system-release:CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
ifconfig 结果：
enp1s0f0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 100.101.120.101 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 100.101.120.255
inet6 fe80::a49f:5c4a:622:5243 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:15:17:d3:d9:0c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 45944101 bytes 3969596646 (3.6 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 10 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 116685 bytes 18129577 (17.2 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device memory 0xb1920000-b193ffff
enp1s0f1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 100.101.119.130 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 100.101.128.255
inet6 fe80::dc3a:674b:5ac:6fb7 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:15:17:d3:d9:0d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 80456987 bytes 47040343747 (43.8 GiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 9211 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 21546392 bytes 24378621812 (22.7 GiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device memory 0xb1900000-b191ffff
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 24762 bytes 4199685 (4.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 24762 bytes 4199685 (4.0 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:0a:e7:fc txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
我还设置了配置文件：
猫/等/系统配置/网络脚本/ifcfg-enp1s0f0
HWADDR="00:15:17:D3:D9:0C"
BOOTPROTO="static"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
TYPE="Ethernet"
DEFROUTE="no"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="enp1s0f0"
UUID="713ca094-0793-4a74-a56f-8267da6bb747"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=100.101.120.101
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=100.101.120.99
DNS1=100.101.1.2
DNS2=100.101.7.51
猫/等/系统配置/网络脚本/ifcfg-enp1s0f1
HWADDR="00:15:17:D3:D9:0D"
TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="no"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="enp1s0f1"
UUID="ad1383ae-539c-4a67-9a6f-061e44991732"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=100.101.119.130
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=100.101.119.99
DNS1=100.101.1.2
DNS2=100.101.7.51
cat route-enp1s0f0
100.101.129.0/24 dev enp1s0f0 src 100.101.120.101 table tab_0
default via 100.101.120.99 dev enp1s0f0 table tab_0
cat route-enp1s0f1
100.101.128.0/24 dev enp1s0f1 src 100.101.119.130 table tab_1
default via 100.101.119.99 dev enp1s0f1 table tab_1
cat 规则-enp1s0f0
from 100.101.120.101/32 table tab_0
to 100.101.120.101 table tab_0
cat 规则-enp1s0f1
from 100.101.119.130/32 table tab_1
to 100.101.119.130 table tab_1
猫/等/iproute2/rt_tables
#
# reserved values
#
255 local
254 main
253 default
0 unspec
#
# local
#
#1 inr.ruhep
# dual nic-gateway below
10 tab_1
11 tab_0
路线-n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
100.101.119.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 101 0 0 enp1s0f1
100.101.119.99 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 enp1s0f1
100.101.120.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp1s0f0
100.101.120.99 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 enp1s0f0
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
但是，如果我尝试 ping，网络无法正常工作
ping -I 100.101.119.130 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) from 100.101.119.130 : 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=118 time=41.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=118 time=40.9 ms
ping -I 100.101.120.101 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) from 100.101.120.101 : 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=117 time=39.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=117 time=39.3 ms
ping 8.8.8.8
connect: Network is unreachable
当我发现服务器无法发送邮件时，我检查了这种情况。为什么会发生这种情况？我该如何解决？
抱歉，我更新了其他服务器信息
IP 地址
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp1s0f0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:15:17:d3:d9:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 100.101.120.101/24 brd 100.101.120.255 scope global noprefixroute enp1s0f0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::a49f:5c4a:622:5243/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: enp1s0f1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:15:17:d3:d9:0d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 100.101.119.130/24 brd 100.101.119.255 scope global noprefixroute enp1s0f1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::dc3a:674b:5ac:6fb7/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:e7:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:0a:e7:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
ip -4 规则
0: from all lookup local
32753: from 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32754: from 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32755: from 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32756: from 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32757: from 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32758: from 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32759: from all to 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32760: from 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32761: from all to 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32762: from 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32763: from 100.101.119.130 lookup tab_1
32765: from 100.101.120.101 lookup tab_0
32766: from all lookup main
32767: from all lookup default
ip -4 路由显示表全部
default via 100.101.119.99 dev enp1s0f1 table tab_1
default via 100.101.120.99 dev enp1s0f0 table tab_0
100.101.119.0/24 dev enp1s0f1 proto kernel scope link src 100.101.119.130 vmetric 101
100.101.119.99 dev enp1s0f1 scope link
100.101.120.0/24 dev enp1s0f0 proto kernel scope link src 100.101.120.101 metric 100
100.101.120.99 dev enp1s0f0 scope link
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
broadcast 127.0.0.0 dev lo table local proto kernel scope link src 127.0.0.1
local 127.0.0.0/8 dev lo table local proto kernel scope host src 127.0.0.1
local 127.0.0.1 dev lo table local proto kernel scope host src 127.0.0.1
broadcast 127.255.255.255 dev lo table local proto kernel scope link src 127.0.0.1
broadcast 100.101.119.0 dev enp1s0f1 table local proto kernel scope link src 100.101.119.130
local 100.101.119.130 dev enp1s0f1 table local proto kernel scope host src 100.101.119.130
broadcast 100.101.119.255 dev enp1s0f1 table local proto kernel scope link src 100.101.119.130
broadcast 100.101.120.0 dev enp1s0f0 table local proto kernel scope link src 100.101.120.101
local 100.101.120.101 dev enp1s0f0 table local proto kernel scope host src 100.101.120.101
broadcast 100.101.120.255 dev enp1s0f0 table local proto kernel scope link src 100.101.120.101
broadcast 192.168.122.0 dev virbr0 table local proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
local 192.168.122.1 dev virbr0 table local proto kernel scope host src 192.168.122.1
broadcast 192.168.122.255 dev virbr0 table local proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
答案1
我找到了解决方案。
我刚刚在 ifcfg-enp1s0f1 中设置了默认网关，DEFROUTE="yes"
然后仅为 enp1s0f0 设置了另一个默认网关。
ip route add 100.101.120.99 scope link dev enp1s0f0
ip rule add from 100.101.120.101 table tab_0
ip route add default via 100.101.120.99 dev enp1s0f0 table tab_0
这样，我可以设置我的默认网关 enp1s0f1，并从 enp1s0f0 发送信号到另一个网关。