我正在尝试将 Atheros ar1021x（ath6kl 系列）USB 无线适配器连接到 Raspberry Pi（带有 4.14 内核）。
我的供应商提供了一份驱动程序源代码，但它适用于内核 3.18。由于内核 API 更改，它无法在我的 Raspberry Pi 上编译。
但我注意到内核 4.14 已经集成了 ath6kl 系列的驱动程序。并且dmesg日志包含
[ 4.370769] ath6kl: Failed to get board file ath6k/AR6004/hw3.0/bdata.bin (-2), trying to find default board file.
[ 4.692766] ath6kl: Failed to init ath6kl core: -2
我猜这个ar1021x芯片需要AR6004/hw3.0/bdata.bin文件，并且ar1021x 与 ar9374x 和 ar6004x 类似。 我发现hw3.0 这里。所以我将hw3.0目录复制到了/lib/firmware/ath6k/AR6004/。在这个目录中，已经存在hw1.2和hw1.3。
- 现在我的第一个问题是，
hw1.2、hw1.3和 是什么hw3.0意思？系统如何确定hw启动 ar1021x 芯片所需的是什么？ - 在
hw3.0目录中，有一个fw-5.bin文件。这是5版本号吗？
重启后，我可以wlan1在 中获得一个新接口ifconfig。但是，此接口的标志是flags=4099<UP, BROADCAST, MULTICAST>，没有RUNNING。并且 给出的 tx-poweriwconfig为 0 dBm。我尝试使用 来sudo iwconfig wlan1 txpower 20更改传输功率，但它出错了
Error for wireless request "Set Tx Power" (8B26) :
SET failed on device wlan1 ; Operation not supported.
我可以用来sudo wiliest wlan1 scanning查找一些接入点，但我无法加入这些 AP。我试过这个wpa_supplicant.conf文件，但它不起作用。我还尝试过禁用 Raspberry Pi 的板载无线适配器，但也没有用。
以下信息可能会有所帮助：
dmesg | grep ath输出：
[ 10.101457] ath6kl: htc pipe control receive timeout!
[ 10.101466] ath6kl: htc wait target timed out, resetting device
[ 10.101951] ath6kl: Failed to start hardware: -110
[ 10.102079] ath6kl: Failed to init ath6kl core: -110
[ 10.102406] ath6kl_usb: probe of 1-1.1.2:1.0 failed with error -110
[ 10.102526] usbcore: registered new interface driver ath6kl_usb
[ 11.942056] ath6kl: ar6004 hw 3.0 usb fw 3.5.0.349-1 api 5
[ 11.942067] ath6kl: firmware supports: 64bit-rates,map-lp-endpoint,ratetable-mcs15,no-ip-checksum
[ 11.942696] ath6kl: Firmware lacks RSN-CAP-OVERRIDE, so HT (802.11n) is disabled.
lsusb -v输出：
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0cf3:9374 Atheros Communications, Inc.
Couldn't open device, some information will be missing
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bDeviceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass
bDeviceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0cf3 Atheros Communications, Inc.
idProduct 0x9374
bcdDevice 1.00
iManufacturer 1
iProduct 2
iSerial 3
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 118
bNumInterfaces 1
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0xa0
(Bus Powered)
Remote Wakeup
MaxPower 200mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 9
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass
bInterfaceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol
iInterface 2
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x84 EP 4 IN
bmAttributes 3
Transfer Type Interrupt
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x03 EP 3 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x05 EP 5 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 1
bNumEndpoints 4
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass
bInterfaceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol
iInterface 2
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 8
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT
bmAttributes 1
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 1
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN
bmAttributes 1
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 1
sudo lshw -C network输出：
*-network:0
description: Wireless interface
physical id: 2
logical name: wlan0
serial: b8:27:eb:e7:c4:28
capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=brcmfmac driverversion=7.45.154 firmware=01-4fbe0b04 ip=192.168.1.102 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
*-network:1
description: Wireless interface
physical id: 3
logical name: wlan1
serial: 20:32:33:af:4b:7b
capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=usb driverversion=4.14.98-v7+ firmware=3.5.0.349-1 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
*-network:2
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 4
logical name: eth0
serial: b8:27:eb:b2:91:7d
size: 10Mbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=lan78xx driverversion=1.0.6 duplex=half link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s
- 那么，这到底是什么问题，以及如何让 ar1021x 芯片工作？