我在 Fedora 27 服务器上运行 jupyter 4.4.0 笔记本服务 (jupyter notebook --no-browser --port 8889)，通过浏览器远程访问。使用该服务几个小时后，没有任何问题，然后出现“内核错误”。在最初的几个小时内，我可以启动新的笔记本而不会出现错误。但是一段时间后，我收到以下错误消息。它清楚地告诉我内核错误是由于缺少文件“/run/user/1001/jupyter/kernel-869f88b2-0895-40fb-b759-c518a1686484.json”造成的。
经过进一步调查，我注意到文件丢失是因为 /run/user/1001 中缺少整个 jupyter 目录。jupyter 目录似乎是在我第一次启动服务时创建的，然后似乎在一段时间后自动被删除。
经过几天的搜索，结果表明该问题可能是由于不活动造成的，导致操作系统或 jupyter 服务删除 /run/user/1001/jupyter 目录。
到目前为止，我还无法弄清楚究竟是什么删除了 /run/user/1001/jupyter 目录，或者如何阻止这种情况发生。您知道如何解决这个问题吗？
错误信息
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/web.py", line 1469, in _execute
result = yield result
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1015, in run
value = future.result()
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/concurrent.py", line 237, in result
raise_exc_info(self._exc_info)
File "<string>", line 3, in raise_exc_info
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1021, in run
yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/notebook/services/sessions/handlers.py", line 73, in post
type=mtype))
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1015, in run
value = future.result()
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/concurrent.py", line 237, in result
raise_exc_info(self._exc_info)
File "<string>", line 3, in raise_exc_info
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1021, in run
yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/notebook/services/sessions/sessionmanager.py", line 79, in create_session
kernel_id = yield self.start_kernel_for_session(session_id, path, name, type, kernel_name)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1015, in run
value = future.result()
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/concurrent.py", line 237, in result
raise_exc_info(self._exc_info)
File "<string>", line 3, in raise_exc_info
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1021, in run
yielded = self.gen.throw(*exc_info)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/notebook/services/sessions/sessionmanager.py", line 92, in start_kernel_for_session
self.kernel_manager.start_kernel(path=kernel_path, kernel_name=kernel_name)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 1015, in run
value = future.result()
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/concurrent.py", line 237, in result
raise_exc_info(self._exc_info)
File "<string>", line 3, in raise_exc_info
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tornado/gen.py", line 285, in wrapper
yielded = next(result)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/notebook/services/kernels/kernelmanager.py", line 160, in start_kernel
super(MappingKernelManager, self).start_kernel(**kwargs)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jupyter_client/multikernelmanager.py", line 110, in start_kernel
km.start_kernel(**kwargs)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jupyter_client/manager.py", line 240, in start_kernel
self.write_connection_file()
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jupyter_client/connect.py", line 472, in write_connection_file
kernel_name=self.kernel_name
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jupyter_client/connect.py", line 137, in write_connection_file
with open(fname, 'w') as f:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/run/user/1001/jupyter/kernel-869f88b2-0895-40fb-b759-c518a1686484.json'
谢谢
答案1
我通过设置 JUPYTER_RUNTIME_DIR 变量解决了这个问题。Jupyter 默认将运行时文件存储在 $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/jupyter 中。设置 JUPYTER_RUNTIME_DIR 将覆盖此行为。您可以将其设置为某个不会自动清理的目录，以防止出现此错误。
这是我在启动 jupyter 之前所做的事情：
export JUPYTER_RUNTIME_DIR="path_to_my_home_directory/.jupyter_runtime"
问题已经解决！
我发现的更多细节：
https://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html#variables