好吧，我知道那里有类似的问题，但他们的答案都没有真正解决我的问题。我正在运行 Debian 10 ( uname -a: Linux msi-debian 4.19.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.67-2 (2019-08-28) x86_64 GNU/Linux)
问题是，即使麦克风和耳机可以工作，我也无法让扬声器播放声音。
另一方面，当扬声器静音时，系统会检测到它们。这是我的电脑的信息：
$ inxi -Fx
System: Host: msi-debian Kernel: 4.19.0-6-amd64 x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 8.3.0 Desktop: Gnome 3.30.2
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
Machine: Type: Laptop System: Micro-Star product: GL63 8SE v: REV:1.0 serial: <root required>
Mobo: Micro-Star model: MS-16P7 v: REV:1.0 serial: <root required> UEFI: American Megatrends v: E16P7IMS.105
date: 11/26/2018
Battery: ID-1: BAT1 charge: 34.1 Wh condition: 49.6/53.4 Wh (93%) model: MSI BIF0_9 status: Discharging
CPU: Topology: 6-Core model: Intel Core i7-8750H bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Kaby Lake rev: A L2 cache: 9216 KiB
flags: lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx bogomips: 52992
Speed: 800 MHz min/max: 800/4100 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 800 2: 800 3: 801 4: 800 5: 800 6: 800 7: 800 8: 800
9: 800 10: 800 11: 800 12: 800
Graphics: Device-1: Intel UHD Graphics 630 vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: i915 v: kernel bus ID: 00:02.0
Device-2: NVIDIA TU106M [GeForce RTX 2060 Mobile] vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: nvidia v: 418.74 bus ID: 01:00.0
Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.4 driver: modesetting,nouveau,nvidia unloaded: fbdev,vesa
resolution: 1920x1080~120Hz
OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel UHD Graphics 630 (Coffeelake 3x8 GT2) v: 4.5 Mesa 18.3.6 direct render: Yes
Audio: Device-1: Intel Cannon Lake PCH cAVS vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus ID: 00:1f.3
Device-2: NVIDIA TU106 High Definition Audio vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus ID: 01:00.1
Sound Server: ALSA v: k4.19.0-6-amd64
Network: Device-1: Intel Wireless-AC 9560 [Jefferson Peak] driver: iwlwifi v: kernel port: 6000 bus ID: 00:14.3
IF: wlo1 state: up mac: 48:a4:72:bd:e7:b4
Device-2: Qualcomm Atheros Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: alx v: kernel port: 3000
bus ID: 03:00.0
IF: enp3s0 state: down mac: 00:d8:61:05:39:c3
IF-ID-1: docker0 state: down mac: 02:42:fc:9c:14:12
Drives: Local Storage: total: 1.14 TiB used: 6.68 GiB (0.6%)
ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 vendor: Kingston model: RBUSNS8154P3256GJ size: 238.47 GiB
ID-2: /dev/sda vendor: Seagate model: ST1000LM049-2GH172 size: 931.51 GiB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 91.17 GiB used: 5.95 GiB (6.5%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda4
ID-2: /home size: 137.24 GiB used: 749.6 MiB (0.5%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda5
ID-3: swap-1 size: 15.82 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda6
Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 49.0 C mobo: N/A
Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Info: Processes: 297 Uptime: 1h 58m Memory: 15.51 GiB used: 3.01 GiB (19.4%) Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Compilers:
gcc: 8.3.0 Shell: bash v: 5.0.3 inxi: 3.0.32
脉冲音频中的信息是：
$ pacmd list-cards
2 card(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 6
properties:
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xa5080000 irq 17"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "10de"
device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
device.product.id = "10f9"
device.product.name = "TU106 High Definition Audio Controller"
device.string = "1"
device.description = "TU106 High Definition Audio Controller"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5900, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
off: Inactiu (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <off>
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
index: 1
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 7
properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xa5410000 irq 154"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a348"
device.product.name = "Cannon Lake PCH cAVS"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "Audio intern"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
input:analog-stereo: Estèreo analògic Input (priority 65, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo: Estèreo analògic Output (priority 6500, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (priority 6565, available: unknown)
output:iec958-stereo: Estèreo digital (IEC958) Output (priority 5500, available: unknown)
output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Estèreo digital (IEC958) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5565, available: unknown)
output:iec958-ac3-surround-51: Envolvent digital 5.1 (IEC958/AC3) Output (priority 300, available: no)
output:iec958-ac3-surround-51+input:analog-stereo: Envolvent digital 5.1 (IEC958/AC3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 365, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5900, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5965, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 865, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 865, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra4: Digital Stereo (HDMI 5) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra4: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra4: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
off: Inactiu (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
sinks:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#35: Audio intern Estèreo analògic
sources:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor/#43: Monitor of Audio intern Estèreo analògic
alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#44: Audio intern Estèreo analògic
ports:
analog-input-internal-mic: Internal Microphone (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-4: HDMI / DisplayPort 5 (priority 5500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
我已经尝试了所有可能的配置文件组合pacmd set-profile-card，但我不知道该怎么做。此外，通过alsamixer我检查，没有扬声器被静音（或者我认为它们都没有被静音）：
更新：
$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY FLAT_VOLUME DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9039
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0,00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Estèreo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
module: 7
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC1220 Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC1220 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xa5410000 irq 154"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a348"
device.product.name = "Cannon Lake PCH cAVS"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Estèreo analògic"
device.description = "Audio intern Estèreo analògic"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC1220"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec1220,14621275,00100101 HDA:8086280b,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
更新 2：输出alsamixer -c 0
答案1
看起来这也可能是 Ubuntu 中已知的相同错误：
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1812693
该 wiki 有一个解决方法的建议：
https://blog.kafaiworks.com/posts/arch-linux-audio-setup-on-msi-gp63/
/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-speaker.conf解决方法是像这样编辑文件：
[Element Headphone]
switch = off
volume = merge
override-map.1 = all
override-map.2 = all-left,all-right
[Element Speaker]
required-any = any
switch = mute
volume = off
然后重新启动pulseaudio（在Debian 10中它作为systemd每用户服务实现）：
systemctl --user restart pulseaudio.service
如果我正确地理解了解决方法，那么前置扬声器和耳机的音量/静音控制似乎可能以某种方式错误接线/交叉连接。
hdajackretask软件包中的工具也alsa-tools-gui可能会有所帮助：如果您可以找到适用于您的笔记本电脑型号的工作覆盖设置，您可能应该联系 Linux 音频驱动程序开发人员报告您的发现，以便可以使覆盖自动应用于该特定系统模型。
MSI GL73 显然使用相同的 ALC1220 声音编解码器，并且还需要与 Clevo P950 相同的声音路由修复。作为一个大胆的猜测，您可以尝试添加一个名为/etc/modprobe.d/sound-fixup.conf以下内容的文件：
options snd-hda-intel model=clevo-p950
然后update-initramfs -u以 root 身份运行以确保更改在早期启动中也有效，然后重新启动并查看是否会带来改进。如果 MSI 以与 GL73 相同的方式连接您的型号，这可能会修复它。如果没有，请删除该/etc/modprobe.d/sound-fixup.conf文件并再次运行update-initramfs -u以完全摆脱该选项。
答案2
尝试设置默认接收器
pacmd list-sinks
# use output from list-sinks:
pactl set-default-sink alsa_output.pci-0000_02_02.0.analog-stereo
# also
pactl set-sink-volume 0 100%
pactl set-sink-mute 0 0
答案3
试试这个，它对我有用，
所以你修复了声音：
打开终端（Ctrl + Alt + T）。
写入“sudo su”以 root 身份登录。
通过 apt 'alsa-tools-gui' 安装。
通过退出注销。
写入“hdajackretask”并按 Enter 键。
单击“Intel Haswell HDMI”并选择“Realtek ALC3661”。
许多新条目可见。选择“显示未连接的引脚”。
单击 Pin ID“0x1a”上的“覆盖”。
单击上下文菜单并选择“线路输出（中心/LFE）”。
单击“立即申请”并输入您的用户密码。
单击“安装引导覆盖”以永久保存设置。
单击顶部的音量图标（Ubuntu）并删除标记“静音”。
重新启动，你的声音就完美了。
答案4
尝试安装pavucontrol，一个pulseaudio gui。