使用 apt-get 解决安装过程中的依赖问题

Question

显然，我安装了某些版本的 MariaDB 和某些版本的 MySQL，而 Ubuntu 无法再破译这一切。也许我有旧版本的 MySQL 数据库并尝试运行较新版本的服务器。目前还不清楚服务器正在经历的混乱。但为了解决这个问题，我删除了 MySQL 的所有内容：

PKGS="mysql-server mariadb-client mariadb-server-10.0 mariadb-common"
sudo apt-get check
sudo apt remove $PKGS
sudo apt purge $PKGS
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt-get --purge remove "mysql*"
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql/ 
sudo updatedb
locate mysql
sudo rm -rf /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql
sudo rm -rf /etc/apparmor.d/cache/usr.sbin.mysqld
 sudo rm -rf /etc/default/mysql
sudo rm -rf /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
sudo rm -rf /home/dan/.mysql_history
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/libmysqlclient18_1%3a10.1.41+maria-1~bionic_amd64.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/libmysqlclient20_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
 sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-5.7_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-client-core-5.7_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-common_1%3a10.1.41+maria-1~bionic_all.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-5.7_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-core-5.7_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
 sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server_5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_all.deb
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysqld
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/mysql.service
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/systemd/deb-systemd-helper-enabled/mysqld.service

此时，我的系统上没有 MariaDB 或 MySQL 的踪迹。现在我可以干净地安装 MariaDB 10.1：

$ apt-cache policy software-properties-common
software-properties-common:
  Installed: 0.96.24.32.11

包管理系统使用的 MariaDB 存储库公钥：

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8

将 MariaDB 10.1 存储库添加到您的 Ubuntu：

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu '$(lsb_release -cs)' main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/MariaDB101.list"

然后安装 mariadb：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

--- Mac OSX 解决方案 ---

我之前的回答是关于 Linux，特别是 Ubuntu。为了让任何遭受 mysql/mariadb 兼容性问题的人保持完整，我还提供了 OSX 解决方案：

$ brew list --versions mariadb
mariadb 10.3.12

$ brew uninstall mariadb
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/mariadb/10.3.12... (658 files, 174.4MB)

$ brew doctor

$ brew cleanup # should you have some broken symlinks somewhere

$ brew info mariadb
Conflicts with:
  mariadb-connector-c  
  mysql 
  mytop  
  percona-server

$ brew list --versions mariadb-connector-c 
$ brew list --versions mysql
$ brew list --versions mytop
$ brew list --versions percona-server

$ brew search mariadb
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

不要安装[电子邮件受保护]然而！即使您卸载了以前的安装，brew 也会在下次安装期间保留 datadir，以确保它不会删除用户生成的数据。如果您确定此计算机上的 MySQL 数据库中没有重要数据（来自 Homebrew 安装或其他 MySQL 安装），那么可以，继续卸载 datadir 和 my.cnf 配置：

rm -rf /usr/local/var/mysql
rm -rf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf
rmdir /usr/local/etc/my.cnf.d
rm -rf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf.default
rm -rf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf.default.default

现在您可以安装旧版本：

$ brew install [email protected]  


A "/etc/my.cnf" from another install may interfere with a Homebrew-built
server starting up correctly.

MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default

To connect:
    mysql -uroot

[email protected] is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because this is an alternate version of another formula.

If you need to have [email protected] first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find [email protected] you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/include"

For pkg-config to find [email protected] you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/share/pkgconfig"


To have launchd start [email protected] now and restart at login:
  brew services start [email protected]
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  /usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin/mysql.server start

阅读安装的结束语！您需要将 $PATH 添加到[电子邮件受保护]到您的 .bash_profile （如果这是在 shell init 上加载的）。

Answer 1