我有一台安装了 Debian 10 buster 的 HP Pavilion power 15-cb030nl。
几个月前，我把 SSD 换成了更大的，并使用 clonezilla 克隆了整个系统（上面有 debian 9）。
今天早上，我使用外部适配器通过 USB 连接了旧的 SSD（安装了 debian 9 的 SSD）。打开笔记本电脑，出现以下错误：
Boot Device Not Found
Please install an operating system on your hard disk
Error codes:
Hard Disk - (3F0)
F2 System diagnostics
即使移除外部 SSD，黑屏仍然会继续出现。
我确信由于某种原因 grub 文件丢失或损坏，因此我尝试了 Ubuntu live USB 版本并重新安装了 grub（通过我的 debian 上的 chroot），因此 grub 出现了，但它是空的！
请注意，我可以从 ubuntu live 使用 debian 10 读取 ssd，因此我认为 ssd 没有损坏或物理连接不良。
这是我所看到的fdisk -l
Disk /dev/loop0: 1.9 GiB, 2027323392 bytes, 3959616 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop1: 89.3 MiB, 93581312 bytes, 182776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 53.7 MiB, 56315904 bytes, 109992 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop3: 151 MiB, 158343168 bytes, 309264 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop4: 4 MiB, 4218880 bytes, 8240 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop5: 14.8 MiB, 15462400 bytes, 30200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop6: 1008 KiB, 1032192 bytes, 2016 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop7: 3.7 MiB, 3821568 bytes, 7464 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: Samsung SSD 970 EVO 500GB
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 9484CCFA-0E07-4985-848D-56A9404D460F
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 1050624 6049666 4999043 2.4G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p3 6049667 976773134 970723468 462.9G Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk model: ST1000LM049-2GH1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 34F9309F-9994-49CA-93BE-1BCF2C285E39
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 1919397887 1919395840 915.2G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda2 1919397888 1953523711 34125824 16.3G Microsoft basic data
Disk /dev/sdb: 7.2 GiB, 7736072192 bytes, 15109516 sectors
Disk model: DataTraveler 3.0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x46f8e7bf
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 * 0 4095999 4096000 2G 0 Empty
/dev/sdb2 4066772 4074259 7488 3.7M ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32)
Disk /dev/mapper/naptor--vg-root: 447 GiB, 479945818112 bytes, 937394176 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/naptor--vg-swap_1: 15.9 GiB, 17062428672 bytes, 33325056 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop8: 35.3 MiB, 37027840 bytes, 72320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
如您所见，给我带来问题的 SSD 是：/dev/nvme0n1
我尝试的另一件事是使用超级 grub 来恢复 grub，但奇怪的是它没有看操作系统也是如此。这是我从 super grub live 获得的屏幕截图：
https://i.stack.imgur.com/460FI.jpg [请看图片，由于我的声誉不够，我无法在这里发布]
我试过引导修复但在尝试重新安装 grub 时卡住了。这是启动修复信息日志：http://paste.ubuntu.com/p/nnFNJ3pKTK/
我还在 BIOS 中启用了 Legacy Support（而不是使用 UEFI），但它完全相同。
实际上，我不知道外部 SSD 是否损坏了一切，或者发生了其他事情（也许是 Debian 中的更新？我不这么认为......）。
然而在我看来，目前这与 grub 无关，但我真的没有更多的想法了。
编辑： efibootmgr-v
$ efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0002
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 2001,0001,3001,0000,2002,2004
Boot0000* EFI Hard Drive (Samsung SSD 970 EVO 500GB) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-25-38-5B-81-B0-FE-44)/HD(1,GPT,ace2a167-78a7-4446-95bc-efc429f8383c,0x800,0x100000)RC
Boot0001* grub HD(1,GPT,ace2a167-78a7-4446-95bc-efc429f8383c,0x800,0x100000)/File(\EFI\grub\shimx64.efi)
Boot0002* USB Hard Drive (UEFI) - KingstonDataTraveler 3.0 (KingstonDataTraveler 3.0) PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)/USB(16,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x46f8e7bf,0x3e0dd4,0x1d40)RC
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot3001* Internal Hard Disk or Solid State Disk RC