我的 USB 棒有问题。它根本无法显示fdisk -l。我猜它已经死了（完全不可能通过编程恢复），但我只是好奇它是否错了。
以下是我插入时获取的一些日志（如果您还需要其他信息请询问）：
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » sudo dmesg
[ 4626.991027] audit: type=1106 audit(1575469961.482:265): pid=156058 uid=0 auid=1000 ses=2 msg='op=PAM:session_close grantors=pam_limits,pam_unix,pam_permit acct="root" exe="/usr/bin/sudo" hostname=? addr=? terminal=/dev/pts/0 res=success'
[ 4626.991171] audit: type=1104 audit(1575469961.482:266): pid=156058 uid=0 auid=1000 ses=2 msg='op=PAM:setcred grantors=pam_unix,pam_permit acct="root" exe="/usr/bin/sudo" hostname=? addr=? terminal=/dev/pts/0 res=success'
[ 4636.065432] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[ 4636.209306] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0951, idProduct=1665, bcdDevice= 1.00
[ 4636.209312] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 4636.209316] usb 1-1: Product: DataTraveler 2.0
[ 4636.209319] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: Kingston
[ 4636.209321] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 6C626D7C2801FD40B96323C7
[ 4636.210738] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 4636.215005] scsi host3: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[ 4637.332845] scsi 3:0:0:0: Direct-Access GENERIC USB Mass Storage 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 CCS
[ 4637.335313] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 4637.335321] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Unit Attention [current]
[ 4637.335364] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed
[ 4637.335384] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[ 4637.335391] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 0-byte physical blocks
[ 4637.335650] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 4637.335656] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 00
[ 4637.335894] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 4637.338182] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[ 4637.338189] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Unit Attention [current]
[ 4637.338196] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Not ready to ready change, medium may have changed
[ 4637.338656] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk
[ 4643.783335] audit: type=1101 audit(1575469978.276:267): pid=156703 uid=1000 auid=1000 ses=2 msg='op=PAM:accounting grantors=pam_unix,pam_permit,pam_time acct="helveticau" exe="/usr/bin/sudo" hostname=? addr=? terminal=/dev/pts/0 res=success'
[ 4643.783784] audit: type=1110 audit(1575469978.276:268): pid=156703 uid=0 auid=1000 ses=2 msg='op=PAM:setcred grantors=pam_unix,pam_permit,pam_env acct="root" exe="/usr/bin/sudo" hostname=? addr=? terminal=/dev/pts/0 res=success'
[ 4643.791688] audit: type=1105 audit(1575469978.282:269): pid=156703 uid=0 auid=1000 ses=2 msg='op=PAM:session_open grantors=pam_limits,pam_unix,pam_permit acct="root" exe="/usr/bin/sudo" hostname=? addr=? terminal=/dev/pts/0 res=success'
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » lsusb
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 8087:0a2b Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 13d3:5a07 IMC Networks USB2.0 VGA UVC WebCam
Bus 001 Device 016: ID 0951:1665 Kingston Technology Digital DataTraveler SE9 64GB
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » ls -la /dev/disk/by-id
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 220 Dec 4 16:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 120 Dec 4 11:12 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec 4 16:14 ata-TOSHIBA_THNSNK128GVN8_48NS10XKTMYT -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 ata-TOSHIBA_THNSNK128GVN8_48NS10XKTMYT-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 ata-TOSHIBA_THNSNK128GVN8_48NS10XKTMYT-part2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 ata-TOSHIBA_THNSNK128GVN8_48NS10XKTMYT-part3 -> ../../sda3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec 4 16:32 usb-GENERIC_USB_Mass_Storage_6C626D7C2801FD40B96323C7-0:0 -> ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec 4 16:14 wwn-0x500080d911070188 -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 wwn-0x500080d911070188-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 wwn-0x500080d911070188-part2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 4 16:14 wwn-0x500080d911070188-part3 -> ../../sda3
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 119.25 GiB, 128035676160 bytes, 250069680 sectors
Disk model: TOSHIBA THNSNK12
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 4E7A8A53-F0A1-D148-94BE-44437DF859B8
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/sda2 1050624 5244927 4194304 2G Linux swap
/dev/sda3 5244928 250069646 244824719 116.8G Linux root (x86-64)
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
fdisk: cannot open /dev/sdb: No such file or directory
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 119.2G 0 disk
+-sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /mnt/A1DB-B2C8__
+-sda2 8:2 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
+-sda3 8:3 0 116.8G 0 part /
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau »
helveticau :: /home/helveticau » lsbusb -v
[. . .]
Bus 001 Device 016: ID 0951:1665 Kingston Technology Digital DataTraveler SE9 64GB
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 0
bDeviceSubClass 0
bDeviceProtocol 0
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0951 Kingston Technology
idProduct 0x1665 Digital DataTraveler SE9 64GB
bcdDevice 1.00
iManufacturer 1
iProduct 2
iSerial 3
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 0x0020
bNumInterfaces 1
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0x80
(Bus Powered)
MaxPower 100mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 2
bInterfaceClass 8 Mass Storage
bInterfaceSubClass 6 SCSI
bInterfaceProtocol 80 Bulk-Only
iInterface 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 255
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 255
[. . .]
答案1
您可以尝试使用以下方式格式化鲁弗斯。它已经救了我4-5次了。
视窗无法格式化和重新使用它们。有时，U 盘甚至无法被检测到。磁盘管理，我的电脑文件夹及其他视窗实用程序。Rufus 检测到驱动器，对其进行格式化并立即使其可重复使用！
[我认为操作系统、BIOS 和 PC 硬件（USB 端口等）都很好，并且 U 盘没有受到物理损坏。]