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rsync 冻结后无法读取 RAID 10 LUKS 阵列上的超级块（带有 Budgie 桌面的 Ubuntu Server 18.04.3）

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rsync 冻结后无法读取 RAID 10 LUKS 阵列上的超级块（带有 Budgie 桌面的 Ubuntu Server 18.04.3）

在从外部 LUKS raid 10 阵列（通过 e-sata 连接）到内部驱动器进行 rsync 期间，操作系统冻结。

重新启动后，我无法再访问外部 raid 10。当我单击它时，出现以下错误消息：

Error mounting filesystem
Error mounting /dev/dm-0 at /media/marco/EXT_RAID_10: can't read superblock
on /dev/mapper/luks-49aa238c-96bc-4bf6-abeb-1f4b018ccabe (udisks-error-quark, 0)

系统是 Ubuntu 服务器 18.04.3，带有 Budgie 桌面。所有 4 个驱动器指示灯都亮起，表明它们应该没问题

sudo fdisk -l 的输出：

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 223.6 GiB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x373d828f

Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sda2            2048 468860927 468858880 223.6G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       443695104 468860927  25165824    12G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6            4096 226996223 226992128 108.2G 83 Linux
/dev/sda7       226998272 443693055 216694784 103.3G 83 Linux

Partition table entries are not in disk order.


Disk /dev/sdf: 3.7 TiB, 4000694927360 bytes, 7813857280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: B9829E9E-44BE-4381-BB42-387062B5252D

Device     Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdf1   2048 7813855231 7813853184  3.7T unknown


Disk /dev/mapper/luks-49aa238c-96bc-4bf6-abeb-1f4b018ccabe: 3.7 TiB, 4000690733056 bytes, 7813849088 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

sudo fsck.ext4 -v /dev/sdf1 的输出：

e2fsck 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
fsck.ext4: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdf1

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

/dev/sdf1 contains a crypto_LUKS filesystem

sudo mke2fs -n /dev/sdf1 的输出：

Creating filesystem with 976731648 4k blocks and 244187136 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 11a09e27-4114-4555-8dd3-afcf61deacc4
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544

sudo e2fsck -b 98304 /dev/sdf1 的输出：

e2fsck 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdf1

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

/dev/sdf1 contains a crypto_LUKS filesystem

最后，问题只是由于中断的 rsync 命令而导致驱动器被锁定（当我中断一个简单的 cp 命令时也发生了这种情况）。由于 LUKS 加密给出了神秘的（双关语）错误消息，这个简单的锁定变得复杂。我按照以下说明移除锁来解决了这个问题： https://alvinabad.wordpress.com/2012/09/22/how-to-recover-a-luks-encrypted-disk/

简而言之：

1. Boot from a recovery disk

2. Determine /dev address of locked LUKS partition (in this case /dev/sdh1):
~$ sudo fdisk -l

3. Display LUKS header info:
~$ sudo cryptsetup -v luksDump /dev/sdh1

4. Unlock partition with LUKS passphrase:
~$ sudo cryptsetup -v luksOpen /dev/sdh1 sdh1_crypt

5. Mount drive using Nautilus or manually:
~$ mkdir /tmp/disk
~$ sudo mount /dev/mapper/sdh1_crypt /tmp/disk

答案1

更换了电缆并执行以下操作： https://alvinabad.wordpress.com/2012/09/22/how-to-recover-a-luks-encrypted-disk/

对我有用：

1. Boot from a recovery disk

2. Determine /dev address of locked LUKS partition (in this case /dev/sdh1):
~$ sudo fdisk -l

3. Display LUKS header info:
~$ sudo cryptsetup -v luksDump /dev/sdh1

4. Unlock partition with LUKS passphrase:
~$ sudo cryptsetup -v luksOpen /dev/sdh1 sdh1_crypt

5. Mount drive using Nautilus or manually:
~$ mkdir /tmp/disk
~$ sudo mount /dev/mapper/sdh1_crypt /tmp/disk

答案2

我没有设置 Raid，但是我自己也遇到过 Linux 错误。
请确保它不是您的电缆 eSATA。

如何修复 Ubuntu 上的文件系统错误

使用 Ubuntu 安装 CD 启动系统，然后选择测试 Ubuntu。
接下来，打开终端，并使用命令行
   $ sudo fsck.ext3 -f /dev/sdaX
启动对任何错误的搜索。发现的所有错误都应修复。

您可以通过键入以下命令让系统在下次重新启动时检查文件系统
   sudo touch /forcefsck

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