如何确定 Thunderbolt 电缆与 eGPU 的连接速度?

如何确定 Thunderbolt 电缆与 eGPU 的连接速度?

我刚买了一根新线将我的机器连接到 eGPU,并按照以下方法连接这些说明。电缆声称其运行速度为 40 Gbps。我如何验证它是否真的如此?

我正在使用 Lubuntu 20.04。

答案1

首先,用来lspci查找有关 eGPU 如何通过电缆连接的详细信息。

sudo lspci -vv | grep -A 80 -i 2080

在上面,您需要sudo查看完整的详细信息,并且2080应该是一些您希望与您的 eGPU 匹配的标识符。 在我的情况下,我使用的是 RTX 2080 Ti,因此“2080”是一个很好的搜索词。

结果如下所示:

3d:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation TU102 [GeForce RTX 2080 Ti] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
    Subsystem: eVga.com. Corp. TU102 [GeForce RTX 2080 Ti]
    Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-
    Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
    Latency: 0
    Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17
    Region 0: Memory at 8c000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
    Region 1: Memory at 4020000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
    Region 3: Memory at 4030000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
    Region 5: I/O ports at 6000 [size=128]
    Expansion ROM at 8d000000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=512K]
    Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
        Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold-)
        Status: D0 NoSoftRst+ PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME-
    Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
        Address: 0000000000000000  Data: 0000
    Capabilities: [78] Express (v2) Legacy Endpoint, MSI 00
        DevCap: MaxPayload 256 bytes, PhantFunc 0, Latency L0s unlimited, L1 <64us
            ExtTag+ AttnBtn- AttnInd- PwrInd- RBE+ FLReset+
        DevCtl: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq-
            RlxdOrd+ ExtTag+ PhantFunc- AuxPwr- NoSnoop- FLReset-
            MaxPayload 128 bytes, MaxReadReq 512 bytes
        DevSta: CorrErr- NonFatalErr- FatalErr- UnsupReq- AuxPwr- TransPend-
        LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 8GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <16us
            ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+
        LnkCtl: ASPM Disabled; RCB 64 bytes Disabled- CommClk+
            ExtSynch- ClockPM+ AutWidDis- BWInt- AutBWInt-
        LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s (downgraded), Width x4 (downgraded)
            TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-
        DevCap2: Completion Timeout: Range AB, TimeoutDis+, NROPrPrP-, LTR-
             10BitTagComp-, 10BitTagReq-, OBFF Via message, ExtFmt-, EETLPPrefix-
             EmergencyPowerReduction Not Supported, EmergencyPowerReductionInit-
             FRS-
             AtomicOpsCap: 32bit- 64bit- 128bitCAS-
        DevCtl2: Completion Timeout: 50us to 50ms, TimeoutDis-, LTR-, OBFF Disabled
             AtomicOpsCtl: ReqEn-
        LnkCtl2: Target Link Speed: 8GT/s, EnterCompliance- SpeedDis-
             Transmit Margin: Normal Operating Range, EnterModifiedCompliance- ComplianceSOS-
             Compliance De-emphasis: -6dB
        LnkSta2: Current De-emphasis Level: -3.5dB, EqualizationComplete+, EqualizationPhase1+
             EqualizationPhase2+, EqualizationPhase3+, LinkEqualizationRequest-
    Capabilities: [100 v1] Virtual Channel
        Caps:   LPEVC=0 RefClk=100ns PATEntryBits=1
        Arb:    Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128-
        Ctrl:   ArbSelect=Fixed
        Status: InProgress-
        VC0:    Caps:   PATOffset=00 MaxTimeSlots=1 RejSnoopTrans-
            Arb:    Fixed- WRR32- WRR64- WRR128- TWRR128- WRR256-
            Ctrl:   Enable+ ID=0 ArbSelect=Fixed TC/VC=ff
            Status: NegoPending- InProgress-
    Capabilities: [258 v1] L1 PM Substates
        L1SubCap: PCI-PM_L1.2+ PCI-PM_L1.1+ ASPM_L1.2+ ASPM_L1.1+ L1_PM_Substates+
              PortCommonModeRestoreTime=255us PortTPowerOnTime=10us
        L1SubCtl1: PCI-PM_L1.2- PCI-PM_L1.1- ASPM_L1.2- ASPM_L1.1-
               T_CommonMode=0us LTR1.2_Threshold=0ns
        L1SubCtl2: T_PwrOn=10us
    Capabilities: [128 v1] Power Budgeting <?>
    Capabilities: [420 v2] Advanced Error Reporting
        UESta:  DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
        UEMsk:  DLP- SDES- TLP- FCP- CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF- MalfTLP- ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
        UESvrt: DLP+ SDES+ TLP- FCP+ CmpltTO- CmpltAbrt- UnxCmplt- RxOF+ MalfTLP+ ECRC- UnsupReq- ACSViol-
        CESta:  RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr-
        CEMsk:  RxErr- BadTLP- BadDLLP- Rollover- Timeout- AdvNonFatalErr+
        AERCap: First Error Pointer: 00, ECRCGenCap- ECRCGenEn- ECRCChkCap- ECRCChkEn-
            MultHdrRecCap- MultHdrRecEn- TLPPfxPres- HdrLogCap-
        HeaderLog: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
    Capabilities: [600 v1] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?>
    Capabilities: [900 v1] Secondary PCI Express
        LnkCtl3: LnkEquIntrruptEn-, PerformEqu-
        LaneErrStat: 0
    Capabilities: [bb0 v1] Resizable BAR <?>
    Kernel driver in use: nvidia
    Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia

有用的部分是:

        LnkCap: Port #0, Speed 8GT/s, Width x16, ASPM L0s L1, Exit Latency L0s <512ns, L1 <16us
            ClockPM+ Surprise- LLActRep- BwNot- ASPMOptComp+
        LnkSta: Speed 2.5GT/s (downgraded), Width x4 (downgraded)
            TrErr- Train- SlotClk+ DLActive- BWMgmt- ABWMgmt-

这里链接帽表示链接的最高评级能力和链接站表示当前实际运行速度的状态。单位GT/秒标准每秒千兆传输

检查“8GT/s、宽度 x16”规格是否符合PCI-E 版本列表我们看到这是 PCI 3.0 x16,估计速度为 15.754 GB/s。

但是,请注意,连接的实际状态是“降级”。这是因为 PCI-E 的通道数量有限,分布在机器的设备上。在我的 Thinkpad P1 Gen1 中,PCI-E 有 16 个通道(上面的“x16”),但其中 4 个通向我的板载 GPU,4 个通向我的硬盘,4 个通向我的两个雷电端口。

因此,我用来连接 eGPU 的一个雷电端口具有:

Speed 2.5GT/s (downgraded), Width x4 (downgraded)

鉴于此,我的机器限制我的速度低于 40Gbps,我可能需要更便宜但更长的 20Gbps 电缆。

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