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如何使用 NetworkManager 连接到 OpenVPN

tag-icon • tag-icon linux security openwrt vpn
如何使用 NetworkManager 连接到 OpenVPN

我已经在我的 OpenWrt 10.03 路由器上安装了 OpenVPN 服务器 [新刷新]：https://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=hRECWuf1

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf; opkg update; opkg install luci-app-openvpn openvpn openssl-util openssh-sftp-server ntpd
vim /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf # modify a few lines
[ CA_default ]
dir             = /etc/openvpn
new_certs_dir   = $dir/certs
certificate = $dir/ca.crt
private_key = $dir/ca.key

touch /etc/openvpn/index.txt; touch /etc/openvpn/serial; echo 01 > /etc/openvpn/serial
openssl req -nodes -new -x509 -keyout /etc/openvpn/ca.key -out /etc/openvpn/ca.crt -days 3650 # give a common name, like: vpnserver
openvpn --genkey --secret /etc/openvpn/ta.key
openssl req -nodes -new -keyout /etc/openvpn/server.key -out /etc/openvpn/server.csr # give a common name, like: vpnserver
mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/certs; mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/private
openssl ca -out /etc/openvpn/server.crt -in /etc/openvpn/server.csr
time openssl dhparam -out /etc/openvpn/dh1024.pem 1024 # it could take 10 minutes!

# generate certs for clients [X = client number]
openssl req -nodes -new -keyout /etc/openvpn/clientX.key -out /etc/openvpn/clientX.csr # give a common name! it will be the user name
openssl ca -out /etc/openvpn/clientX.crt -in /etc/openvpn/clientX.csr
# e.g.: 
openssl req -nodes -new -keyout /etc/openvpn/client1.key -out /etc/openvpn/client1.csr # give a common name! it will be the user name
openssl ca -out /etc/openvpn/client1.crt -in /etc/openvpn/client1.csr

vim /etc/config/openvpn
config 'openvpn' 'openvpn_server'
        option 'enable' '1'
        option 'port' '1194'
        option 'proto' 'udp'
        option 'dev' 'tap'
        option 'ca' '/etc/openvpn/ca.crt'
        option 'cert' '/etc/openvpn/server.crt'
        option 'key' '/etc/openvpn/server.key'
        option 'tls_auth' '/etc/openvpn/ta.key 0' # server: 0
        option 'dh' '/etc/openvpn/dh1024.pem'
        option 'comp_lzo' '1'
        option 'server' '10.20.30.0 255.255.255.0'
        option 'keepalive' '10 120'
        option 'persist_key' '1'
        option 'persist_tun' '1'
        option 'mute' '20'
        option 'verb' '3'
        option 'client_to_client' '1'
        list 'push' 'dhcp-option DNS 10.20.30.1'
/etc/init.d/openvpn enable
/etc/init.d/openvpn start
ifconfig -a | less
ping 10.20.30.1

# here comes the firewall part
vim /etc/config/firewall # modify it
config 'include'
        option 'path' '/etc/firewall.user'

config 'redirect'
        option 'src' 'wan'
        option 'proto' 'udp'
        option 'src_dport' '1194'
        option 'dest_port' '1194'
        option '_name' 'OpenVPN'

vim /etc/firewall.user # modify it
iptables -t nat -A prerouting_rule -i $WAN -p udp --dport 11194 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A input_rule -i $WAN -p udp --dport 11194 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A forwarding_rule -i tap+ -o br-lan -j ACCEPT
iptables -A forwarding_rule -i br-lan -o tap+ -j ACCEPT
iptables -A input_rule -i tap+ -j ACCEPT
iptables -A output_rule -o tap -j ACCEPT

/etc/init.d/firewall restart

# tar the files that goes to the client1
mkdir -p /root/client1
cp /etc/openvpn/ca.crt /root/client1/; cp /etc/openvpn/client1.crt /root/client1/; cp /etc/openvpn/client1.key /root/client1/; cp /etc/openvpn/ta.key /root/client1/
cd /root/; tar -cf client1.tar client1

看起来“还可以”。

我将我的电脑连接到路由器的 LAN 端口，我想尝试一下。我正在使用 Fedora 14 和 GNOME。在 NetworkManager 小程序中，我设置了这些内容：这和这。好的！我尝试连接，但失败。这是日志：https://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=gv2xChxW

Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> Starting VPN service 'openvpn'...
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn), PID 23552
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' appeared; activating connections
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: 1
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: 3
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN connection 'elsovpn' (Connect) reply received.
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: OpenVPN 2.1.1 i686-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] built on Jan  5 2010
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled.  See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info.
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: Cannot load certificate file /home/g/Desktop/client1/client1.crt: error:0200100D:system library:fopen:Permission denied: error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib: error:140AD002:SSL routines:SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file:system lib
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: Exiting
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF kernel: [55630.235164] type=1400 audit(1299508963.340:23608): avc:  denied  { read } for  pid=23554 comm="openvpn" name="client1.crt" dev=dm-1 ino=3019385 scontext=system_u:system_r:openvpn_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 tclass=file
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <warn> VPN plugin failed: 1
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: 6
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN plugin state change reason: 0
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <warn> error disconnecting VPN: Could not process the request because no VPN connection was active.
Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> Policy set 'Auto Ethernet' (eth0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.
Mar  7 15:42:49 ASDF NetworkManager[1458]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' disappeared

一件重要的事情：我的路由器[带有 openvpn 服务器的路由器] IP 地址是 192.168.1.2，我不必把它写到任何地方。那么networkmanager小程序如何知道我的openvpn服务器的IP地址呢？我认为这就是问题所在，但我只是找不到在哪里写 192.168.1.2

ps：是的，我尝试在谷歌上搜索：“没有启用服务器证书验证方法。”但我什么也没找到，我现在已经尝试了几个小时了......：\

ps[再次..]：是的，我尝试用谷歌搜索：“没有启用服务器证书验证方法。”但我什么也没找到，我现在已经尝试了几个小时了......：\

ps：如果我在路由器上执行此操作：

iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
iptables -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT
iptables -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT

和 stat tcpdump，并尝试从我的电脑连接，没有任何反应！..所以错误在网络管理器小程序中！？

再次，PS：如果我这样做：

$ telnet 192.168.1.2 1197
Trying 192.168.1.2...
telnet: connect to address 192.168.1.2: Connection refused
$connbsp;

有没有关于设置这种 openvpn 的好方法[如在 openwrt 路由器上的 Pastebin 链接中..]？是否值得寻找另一个 openvpn 客户端程序？ [网络管理器小程序除外]

答案1

那么您在网关字段中输入的地址点在哪里？我从未使用 NetworkManager 配置过 OpenVPN，但我想这是您应该提供路由器地址的地方。

在您的日志文件中有一行内容如下：

Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF nm-openvpn[23554]: Cannot load certificate file /home/g/Desktop/client1/client1.crt: error:0200100D:system library:fopen:Permission denied: error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib: error:140AD002:SSL routines:SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file:system lib

在那之后：

Mar  7 15:42:43 ASDF kernel: [55630.235164] type=1400 audit(1299508963.340:23608): avc:  denied  { read } for  pid=23554 comm="openvpn" name="client1.crt" dev=dm-1 ino=3019385 scontext=system_u:system_r:openvpn_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 tclass=file

看起来像是 SELinux 相关的问题。 SELinux 拒绝访问您的证书文件。我会搜索这里或者这里如何为 SELinux 设置规则。当然，您应该设置证书文件的读取权限，以使 openvpn 能够读取它们。我不使用基于 SELinux 的系统，所以我无法检查你应该使用什么规则。

关于 telnet：在您的配置中，您为 openvpn 设置了 1194 端口，但您尝试使用 telnet 在 1197 端口上进行连接。

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