我最近拿到了一个有故障的外置硬盘。机箱内的硬盘原来是 2.5 IDE Fujitsu MHT2060AH，机箱控制器似乎没有任何生命迹象。我通过普通的 3 合 1 USB IDE/SATA 适配器连接了该硬盘，Windows 终于看到了它。但是，它无法正常工作 - 尝试对其进行任何操作后，Explorer 和 Drive Manager 都冻结了。我唯一能看到的是，该硬盘被识别为 2TB，分区为 60GB。
在尝试了各种不同的工具后，我终于用 TestDisk 从驱动器中恢复了一些数据（它在读取了大约 60GB 后实际上出错了，所以我相信我恢复了所有我能恢复的数据）。现在我有了备份，我想也许驱动器还有一丝恢复的机会，所以我继续努力。
我尝试过的其他工具中，有 HDDScan，它返回了以下结果：
据我所知，LBA28 扇区数乘以扇区大小正好是 2TB。LBA48 为 0，但根据驱动器手册，它应该受支持。驱动器本身的标签显示 LBA 数应为 117210240。
接下来我启动 Knoppix 并运行一些hdparm命令（故障驱动器是 /dev/sde）：
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 100M 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 931.4G 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 1.8T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 1.8T 0 part
sdc 8:32 1 15G 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 1 15G 0 part /mnt-system
sde 8:64 0 2T 0 disk
└─sde1 8:65 0 55.9G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
cloop0 240:0 0 1.8G 1 disk /KNOPPIX
cloop1 240:1 0 9.6G 1 disk /KNOPPIX1
zram0 253:0 0 2.6G 0 disk [SWAP]
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sde
/dev/sdb:
geometry = 4260880/16/63, sectors = 4294967294, start = 0
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sde1
/dev/sdb1:
geometry = 116278/16/63, sectors = 117209169, start = 63
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sde
/dev/sdf:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Standards:
Likely used: 1
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 0 0
heads 0 0
sectors/track 0 0
--
Logical/Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 0 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 0 MBytes
cache/buffer size = unknown
Capabilities:
IORDY not likely
Cannot perform double-word IO
R/W multiple sector transfer: not supported
DMA: not supported
PIO: pio0
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sde1
/dev/sdf1:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Standards:
Likely used: 1
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 0 0
heads 0 0
sectors/track 0 0
--
Logical/Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 0 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 0 MBytes
cache/buffer size = unknown
Capabilities:
IORDY not likely
Cannot perform double-word IO
R/W multiple sector transfer: not supported
DMA: not supported
PIO: pio0
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -N /dev/sde
/dev/sdf:
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
max sectors = 0/1, HPA is enabled
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -N /dev/sde1
/dev/sdf1:
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
max sectors = 0/1, HPA is enabled
我并不完全清楚该怎么做，但在我看来，sudo hdparm -g /dev/sde和的输出sudo hdparm -N /dev/sde是错误的。
那么，考虑到所有这些，我还可以尝试其他方法吗？
2021 年 7 月 25 日更新：
好的，3.5 到 2.5 IDE 适配器终于到了，它确实带来了不同 - 这是hdparm现在的输出（故障驱动器现在是 /dev/sda）：
noppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
geometry = 267349/255/63, sectors = 4294967294, start = 0
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -g /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1:
geometry = 7295/255/63, sectors = 117209169, start = 63
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: FUJITSU MHT2060AH
Serial Number: NP05T4B26LBV
Firmware Revision: 006C
Standards:
Used: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 3a
Supported: 6 5 4
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 4294967294
Logical/Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 2097151 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 2199023 MBytes (2199 GB)
cache/buffer size = 8192 KBytes (type=DualPortCache)
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(cannot be disabled)
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Advanced power management level: 128
Recommended acoustic management value: 254, current value: 254
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 *udma4 udma5
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=240ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
Power-Up In Standby feature set
SET_MAX security extension
* Automatic Acoustic Management feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
not frozen
not expired: security count
not supported: enhanced erase
60min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
HW reset results:
CBLID- above Vih
Device num = 0 determined by the jumper
Checksum: correct
// Same for sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda1
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm -N /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 40 00 21 04 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 40 01 21 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
max sectors = 4294967294/1(1?), HPA setting seems invalid (buggy kernel device driver?)
// Again, same for sudo hdparm -N /dev/sda1
2021 年 8 月 30 日更新： 再次从后备方案开始。现在尝试通过 -Np 设置最大扇区（也适用于 /dev/sda1）：
knoppix@Microknoppix:~$ sudo hdparm --yes-i-know-what-i-am-doing -Np117210240 /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
setting max visible sectors to 117210240 (permanent)
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 40 00 21 04 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 e6 01 21 04 00 00 00 7f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 40 00 21 04 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
SG_IO: bad/missing sense data, sb[]: 70 00 05 00 00 00 00 0a 04 51 40 01 21 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
max sectors = 4294967294/1(1?), HPA setting seems invalid (buggy kernel device driver?)
还有什么我可以尝试的吗？
答案1
这 富士通 MHT2060AH 磁盘接口是旧式的 Ultra-ATA/100，而不是现代 IDE。
我认为问题出在你使用的连接器上。你可能需要一个连接器，例如
PSATA IDE Ultra ATA 100/133 至 SATA 转换适配器。
磁盘本身确实有 60 GB，因此可能不值得投资。