如何让 AX1650 在 Debian Linux 上运行？

Question

正如英特尔所描述的，这款特殊的无线网卡需要一些黑客攻击，因为 Debian 安装程序不包含必要的固件：

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000058910/wireless/intel-wireless-products.html

但是，按照他们的指示并没有解决问题。我也试过这个，但没有成功： https://m7c1.com/posts/install-killer-ax1650-drivers-and-get-wifi-with-only-a-usb-and-a-debian-netinstaller

从内核日志文件来看，固件版本似乎有些问题

[    1.750300] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwl-dbg-cfg.ini failed with error -2
[    1.750523] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-55.ucode (-2)
[    1.750565] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-55.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750573] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-54.ucode (-2)
[    1.750610] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-54.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750616] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-53.ucode (-2)
[    1.750651] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-53.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750656] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-52.ucode (-2)
[    1.750690] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-52.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750693] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-51.ucode (-2)
[    1.750726] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-51.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750731] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-50.ucode (-2)
[    1.750762] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-50.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.750765] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-49.ucode (-2)
[    1.750794] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-49.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751172] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-48.ucode (-2)
[    1.751196] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-48.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751201] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-47.ucode (-2)
[    1.751225] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-47.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751229] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-46.ucode (-2)
[    1.751260] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-46.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751265] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-45.ucode (-2)
[    1.751293] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-45.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751297] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-44.ucode (-2)
[    1.751320] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-44.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751323] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-43.ucode (-2)
[    1.751346] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-43.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751350] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-42.ucode (-2)
[    1.751373] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-42.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751377] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-41.ucode (-2)
[    1.751400] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-41.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751404] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-40.ucode (-2)
[    1.751429] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-40.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751433] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-39.ucode (-2)
[    1.751457] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-39.ucode failed with error -2
[    1.751458] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: no suitable firmware found!
[    1.751482] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: minimum version required: iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-39
[    1.751508] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: maximum version supported: iwlwifi-Qu-b0-hr-b0-55

知道如何让它工作吗？我的内核版本是 4.19.0-17-amd64，但也尝试升级到 linux-image-amd64 (5.10.46-2~bpo10+1)。

编辑：解决了！我已将内核升级到 5.10.x 并从 bullseye_di_rc3/ 安装了 iwlwifi 固件，一切正常！非常感谢您的帮助！

我不明白的是他们为什么不把最新的内核包含到安装程序中……

编辑 2：但是连接非常不稳定。它经常断开连接，并无法重新连接，错误为“对驱动程序的身份验证请求失败”。我知道这不是 AP 的错，我有其他设备连接到同一个网络，它们运行正常。

Answer 1

最好的办法是安装来自 bullseye 的内核和firmware-iwlwifi软件包。内核包含对该芯片的支持，固件似乎已正确打包（尽管我没有该芯片，因此无法验证）。

如果你是第一次尝试安装，你可以使用有线连接从 buster 或 bullseye 官方镜像中安装固件，然后安装相应的软件包，或者你可以尝试支持固件的非官方靶心图像，它允许您使用 Wi-Fi 连接进行安装。