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如何使 zsh 中 `time` 的输出像 bash 一样？

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如何使 zsh 中 `time` 的输出像 bash 一样？

time <command>bash 中的格式：

$time ./test.sh

real    0m0.000s
user    0m0.006s
sys     0m0.000s

在 zsh 中：

 $time ./test.sh                                                       
 ./test.sh  0.01s user 0.00s system 94% cpu 0.007 total

当我切换到 zsh 时，这一直困扰着我。如何让timezsh的输出像bash一样？

答案1

关键字timeinzsh以变量 指定的格式生成输出TIMEFMT。

该变量的默认值为

%J  %U user %S system %P cpu %*E total

您可以这样更改，例如：

TIMEFMT=$'%J\n%U user\n%S system\n%P cpu\n%*E total'

（这实际上只是在默认格式字符串中插入一些换行符）

给出以下类型的输出：

$ time sleep 2
sleep 2
0.00s user
0.00s system
0% cpu
2.010 total

或者，更接近于bash：

$ TIMEFMT=$'real\t%E\nuser\t%U\nsys\t%S'
$ time sleep 2
real    2.02s
user    0.00s
sys     0.01s

TIMEFMT请参阅手册中变量的文档zshparam。

在我的系统（运行 zsh 5.7.1），内容如下

   TIMEFMT
          The format of process time reports with the time keyword.  The
          default is `%J  %U user %S system %P cpu %*E total'.  Recognizes
          the following escape sequences, although not all may be
          available on all systems, and some that are available may not be
          useful:

          %%     A `%'.
          %U     CPU seconds spent in user mode.
          %S     CPU seconds spent in kernel mode.
          %E     Elapsed time in seconds.
          %P     The CPU percentage, computed as 100*(%U+%S)/%E.
          %W     Number of times the process was swapped.
          %X     The average amount in (shared) text space used in
                 kilobytes.
          %D     The average amount in (unshared) data/stack space used in
                 kilobytes.
          %K     The total space used (%X+%D) in kilobytes.
          %M     The  maximum memory the process had in use at any time in
                 kilobytes.
          %F     The number of major page faults (page needed to be
                 brought from disk).
          %R     The number of minor page faults.
          %I     The number of input operations.
          %O     The number of output operations.
          %r     The number of socket messages received.
          %s     The number of socket messages sent.
          %k     The number of signals received.
          %w     Number of voluntary context switches (waits).
          %c     Number of involuntary context switches.
          %J     The name of this job.

          A star may be inserted between the percent sign and flags
          printing time (e.g., `%*E'); this causes the time to be printed
          in `hh:mm:ss.ttt' format (hours and minutes are only printed if
          they are not zero).  Alternatively, `m' or `u' may be used
          (e.g., `%mE') to produce time output in milliseconds or
          microseconds, respectively.

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