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我有一个 csv 文件，其中一个字段的数据用“”括起来，中间用逗号分隔。我想用另一个替换它

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing text-formatting
我有一个 csv 文件，其中一个字段的数据用“”括起来，中间用逗号分隔。我想用另一个替换它

下面是我的文件的前 5 行。在这里，我想将第五列的“10,00,000.0”替换为“10,000,000.0”。

DE000A2200V7,09:30:00,8.5,8.509,"10,00,000.0","10,00,000.0","850,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,11:30:00,8.7,8.709,"20,00,000.0","20,000.0","870,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,13:30:00,8.763,8.883,"30,00,000.0","20,000.0","882,300.0"
DE000A2200V7,15:30:00,8.481,8.501,"10,00,000.0","10,00,000.0","849,100.0"
DE000A2200W5,09:30:00,15.826,15.835,"20,000.0","20,000.0","1,583,050.0"

答案1

通过使用from将 CSV 分隔符临时更改为 a @（或尚未属于数据的任何其他字符）csvformatcsvkit，然后用 更改第 5 个字段中的相关字符串awk，并将分隔符返回到原来的逗号：

csvformat -D '@' data.csv |
awk 'BEGIN { OFS=FS="@" } $5 == "10,00,000.0" { $5 = "10,000,000.0" }; 1' |
csvformat -d '@'

使用您的数据data.csv，这会产生：

DE000A2200V7,09:30:00,8.5,8.509,"10,000,000.0","10,00,000.0","850,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,11:30:00,8.7,8.709,"20,00,000.0","20,000.0","870,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,13:30:00,8.763,8.883,"30,00,000.0","20,000.0","882,300.0"
DE000A2200V7,15:30:00,8.481,8.501,"10,000,000.0","10,00,000.0","849,100.0"
DE000A2200W5,09:30:00,15.826,15.835,"20,000.0","20,000.0","1,583,050.0"

答案2

您可以使用以下sed命令来执行此操作：

sed -i 's/^\(\([^,]*,\)\{4\}\)\("[^"]*"\)\(.*\)$/\1"10,000,000.0"\4/' data.csv

答案3

确定“20,00,000.0”正确吗？如果没有，请尝试

sed 's/,00,/,000,/' file

如果所有错误的号码都应该被纠正，请添加s的标志...g

答案4

与GNUawk

awk -vFPAT='([^,]*)|("[^"]+")' -vOFS=, '$5 == "\"10,00,000.0\"" \
{ $5="\"10,000,000.0\""}; {print}' file

测试

$ cat file
DE000A2200V7,09:30:00,8.5,8.509,"10,00,000.0","10,00,000.0","850,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,11:30:00,8.7,8.709,"20,00,000.0","20,000.0","870,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,13:30:00,8.763,8.883,"30,00,000.0","20,000.0","882,300.0"
DE000A2200V7,15:30:00,8.481,8.501,"10,00,000.0","10,00,000.0","849,100.0"
DE000A2200W5,09:30:00,15.826,15.835,"20,000.0","20,000.0","1,583,050.0"

$ awk -vFPAT='([^,]*)|("[^"]+")' -vOFS=, '$5 == "\"10,00,000.0\"" { $5="\"10,000,000.0\""}; {print}' file
DE000A2200V7,09:30:00,8.5,8.509,10,000,000.0,"10,00,000.0","850,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,11:30:00,8.7,8.709,"20,00,000.0","20,000.0","870,450.0"
DE000A2200V7,13:30:00,8.763,8.883,"30,00,000.0","20,000.0","882,300.0"
DE000A2200V7,15:30:00,8.481,8.501,10,000,000.0,"10,00,000.0","849,100.0"
DE000A2200W5,09:30:00,15.826,15.835,"20,000.0","20,000.0","1,583,050.0"

解释

-vFPAT='([^,]*)|("[^"]+")'

用逗号分隔字段，处理字段可能包含嵌入逗号的情况（请参阅 GNU awk 手册按内容定义字段）。

-vOFS=,

声明输出文件分隔符是逗号,。

'$5 == "\"10,00,000.0\"" { $5="\"10,000,000.0\""}; {print}'

如果第五列匹配字符串“10,00,000.0”，则将其替换为“10,000,000.0”；打印该行。

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