我想知道是否需要更换 2019 年 12 月购买的 2018 Mac Mini。（512 GB SSD，16 GB RAM）。运行急救时，我不断收到以下错误。我在恢复模式下从下往上修复它，首先是卷，然后是容器，它说它已修复并且磁盘看起来没问题，但是几个小时后，当我再次运行急救时，错误又出现了：
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Checking snapshot 11 of 12 (com.apple.TimeMachine.2023-07-08-182610.local)
/dev/rdisk1s1: warning: mismatch between extentref entry reference count (0) and calculated fsroot entry reference count (-1) for extent (75965840 + 4)
/dev/rdisk1s1: warning: mismatch between extentref entry reference count (0) and calculated fsroot entry reference count (-1) for extent (76696330 + 8)
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Checking snapshot 12 of 12 (com.apple.TimeMachine.2023-07-08-192548.local)
/dev/rdisk1s1: error: mismatch between extentref entry reference count (0) and calculated fsroot entry reference count (1) for extent (75965840 + 4)
/dev/rdisk1s1: error: mismatch between extentref entry reference count (0) and calculated fsroot entry reference count (1) for extent (76696330 + 8)
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Checking the document ID tree.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Checking the fsroot tree.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Checking the extent ref tree.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Verifying volume object map space.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** The volume /dev/rdisk1s1 was found to be corrupt and needs to be repaired.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Verifying allocated space.
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** Performing deferred repairs.
/dev/rdisk1s1: error: Unable to perform deferred repairs without full space verification
/dev/rdisk1s1: error: Try running fsck against the entire APFS container instead of a volume
/dev/rdisk1s1: ** The volume /dev/rdisk1s1 could not be verified completely.
/dev/rdisk1s1: Sat Jul 8 20:09:48 2023
从smartmontools我看到：
smartctl -a disk0
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [Darwin 22.5.0 x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: APPLE SSD AP0512M
Serial Number: C078504002HJRFYAB
Firmware Version: 1296.120
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x106b
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x000000
Controller ID: 0
NVMe Version: <1.2
Number of Namespaces: 1
Local Time is: Sun Jul 9 20:22:36 2023 ADT
Firmware Updates (0x02): 1 Slot
Optional Admin Commands (0x0004): Frmw_DL
Optional NVM Commands (0x0004): DS_Mngmt
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 256 Pages
Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 0.00W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 49 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 99%
Percentage Used: 11%
Data Units Read: 355,382,704 [181 TB]
Data Units Written: 237,678,387 [121 TB]
Host Read Commands: 7,371,234,957
Host Write Commands: 3,890,298,980
Controller Busy Time: 0
Power Cycles: 449
Power On Hours: 4,191
Unsafe Shutdowns: 277
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 0
Read 1 entries from Error Information Log failed:
GetLogPage failed: system=0x38, sub=0x0, code=745
bash-3.2$
答案1
我遇到了类似的错误，并对此进行了一些研究，我想在这里分享一下。一个重要的区别是，这与格式化为 APFS 的驱动器有关。请谨慎遵循您发现的建议，这些建议可能较旧且不特定于 APFS 驱动器。
- 一些参考资料（最近）指出，APFS 驱动器需要在容器而不是卷上运行急救。这显然需要在系统未安装时完成，例如在恢复模式下（启动时使用 Command R）。关联
- 一位用户说他在运行急救程序之前手动卸载了驱动器，并声称磁盘实用程序有时无法做到这一点。关联
- 同一 MacRumors 讨论中的另一位用户（拥有 68000 个身份点）表示，他不仅对主驱动器的“所有实例”运行了急救，还禁用了 Time Machine，然后使用终端删除了所有本地快照。关联
- 此 Apple 支持文档讨论了查看和删除 APFS 快照。关联
驱动器健康与数据损坏
- 我看到的与此相关的问题似乎主要与数据损坏有关，而不是由于驱动器故障，尽管错误消息看起来相当不祥。话虽如此，即使您有最近的备份，重新格式化驱动器以解决损坏问题也并非微不足道。
- 这篇文章提到smartmon 工具作为免费的命令行 APFS 磁盘监控/评估解决方案。关联
- 另一篇文章提到了一款名为 SSDReporter 的免费基于 GUI 的 SSD 监视器。关联
从 smartmon 工具运行 smartctl
josh@joshuas-mini ~ % smartctl -a disk3s5
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [Darwin 22.5.0 arm64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: APPLE SSD AP1024Q
Serial Number: 0ba0122c40a52e0b
Firmware Version: 874.120.
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x106b
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x000000
Controller ID: 0
NVMe Version: <1.2
Number of Namespaces: 3
Local Time is: Wed Jul 26 08:06:52 2023 CDT
Firmware Updates (0x02): 1 Slot
Optional Admin Commands (0x0004): Frmw_DL
Optional NVM Commands (0x0004): DS_Mngmt
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 256 Pages
Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 0.00W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 33 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 99%
Percentage Used: 10%
Data Units Read: 653,815,670 [334 TB]
Data Units Written: 495,164,729 [253 TB]
Host Read Commands: 12,687,340,931
Host Write Commands: 6,148,184,985
Controller Busy Time: 0
Power Cycles: 225
Power On Hours: 5,760
Unsafe Shutdowns: 79
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 0
Read 1 entries from Error Information Log failed: GetLogPage failed: system=0x38, sub=0x0, code=745
答案2
我没有更换我的 2018 Mac Mini。这似乎是 MacOS 或 First Aid 中的一个错误，因为我不再收到该错误。