我使用的是 Debian 10。当我进入“设置”、“声音”、“输入”时，一切都显示为灰色，就好像没有麦克风一样。
然而，麦克风被检测到pavucontrol。
尽管如此，麦克风仍然无法工作（直到昨天，两个节目的情况完全相同）。实际上，它只会产生很大的噪音，如第二张图片中的大蓝色条（“高级”正上方）所示。我认为，解决设置上“未检测到”的情况可能是解决当今“不工作”的第一步。
有任何想法吗？
编辑
我使用的是台式机，而不是笔记本电脑。
它不是 USB 麦克风，它使用常见的 P10 连接器（与耳机连接器分开）。
arecord -l无论是否连接麦克风，都会给出相同的结果：
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 2: ALC887-VD Alt Analog [ALC887-VD Alt Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
输出$ pacmd list-sources：
2 source(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause: (none)
priority: 1030
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: yes
current latency: 0.00 ms
max rewind: 6 KiB
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 40.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
monitor_of: 0
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
module: 7
properties:
device.description = "Monitor of Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
device.class = "monitor"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdf220000 irq 128"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a170"
device.product.name = "100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
index: 1
name: <alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause: (none)
priority: 9039
volume: front-left: 6554 / 10% / -60.00 dB, front-right: 6554 / 10% / -60.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 6554 / 10% / -60.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 4.07 ms
max rewind: 0 KiB
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 40.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
module: 7
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC887-VD Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC887-VD Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdf220000 irq 128"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a170"
device.product.name = "100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC887-VD"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0887,1849d887,00100302"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-input-front-mic: Front Microphone (priority 8500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-rear-mic: Rear Microphone (priority 8200, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-linein: Line In (priority 8100, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
active port: <analog-input-front-mic>
结果cat /proc/asound/card*/codec#*：
$ cat /proc/asound/card*/codec#*
Codec: Realtek ALC887-VD
Address: 0
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 1)
Vendor Id: 0x10ec0887
Subsystem Id: 0x1849d887
Revision Id: 0x100302
No Modem Function Group found
Default PCM:
rates [0x5f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Default Amp-In caps: N/A
Default Amp-Out caps: N/A
State of AFG node 0x01:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 CLKSTOP EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
GPIO: io=2, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=1, wake=0
IO[0]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0
IO[1]: enable=0, dir=0, wake=0, sticky=0, data=0, unsol=0
Node 0x02 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Front Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="ALC887-VD Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x40, nsteps=0x40, stepsize=0x03, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x31 0x31]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x03 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Speaker Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x40, nsteps=0x40, stepsize=0x03, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x31 0x31]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x04 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Surround Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x40, nsteps=0x40, stepsize=0x03, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x05 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Center Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="LFE Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=2, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x40, nsteps=0x40, stepsize=0x03, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x06 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x611: Stereo Digital
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x5f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x07 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x08 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10051b: Stereo Amp-In
Control: name="Capture Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Capture Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="ALC887-VD Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x10, nsteps=0x2e, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x10 0x10]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x23
Node 0x09 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10051b: Stereo Amp-In
Control: name="Capture Volume", index=1, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Capture Switch", index=1, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="ALC887-VD Alt Analog", type="Audio", device=2
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x10, nsteps=0x2e, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0xa6 0xa6]
Converter: stream=2, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x22
Node 0x0a [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100711: Stereo Digital
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x1f
Node 0x0b [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Control: name="Mic Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=1, ofs=0
Control: name="Mic Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=1, ofs=0
Control: name="Rear Mic Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Rear Mic Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Line Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=2, ofs=0
Control: name="Line Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=2, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x17, nsteps=0x1f, stepsize=0x05, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x9f 0x9f] [0x13 0x13] [0x9f 0x9f] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 10
0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1c 0x1d 0x14 0x15 0x16 0x17
Node 0x0c [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 2
0x02 0x0b
Node 0x0d [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 2
0x03 0x0b
Node 0x0e [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 2
0x04 0x0b
Node 0x0f [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 2
0x05 0x0b
Node 0x10 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x611: Stereo Digital
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x5f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x11 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400781: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000010: OUT
Pin Default 0x40000000: [N/A] Line Out at Ext N/A
Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0x0, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x10
Node 0x12 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400401: Stereo
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x13 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x14 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Front Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x0001003e: IN OUT HP EAPD Detect Trigger
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x01014020: [Jack] Line Out at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Green
DefAssociation = 0x2, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x0c
Node 0x15 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Speaker Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00000036: IN OUT Detect Trigger
Pin Default 0x90170110: [Fixed] Speaker at Int N/A
Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x0d
Node 0x16 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x00000036: IN OUT Detect Trigger
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x0e
Node 0x17 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058d: Stereo Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x00000036: IN OUT Detect Trigger
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x0f
Node 0x18 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058f: Stereo Amp-In Amp-Out
Control: name="Center Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="LFE Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=2, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Rear Mic Boost Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x00003736: IN OUT Detect Trigger
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x01a19040: [Jack] Mic at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Pink
DefAssociation = 0x4, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x21: IN VREF_50
Unsolicited: tag=04, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 5
0x0c* 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f 0x26
Node 0x19 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058f: Stereo Amp-In Amp-Out
Control: name="Mic Boost Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x0000373e: IN OUT HP Detect Trigger
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x02a19050: [Jack] Mic at Ext Front
Conn = 1/8, Color = Pink
DefAssociation = 0x5, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80
Unsolicited: tag=03, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 5
0x0c* 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f 0x26
Node 0x1a [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058f: Stereo Amp-In Amp-Out
Control: name="Surround Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Line Boost Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x80 0x80]
Pincap 0x00003736: IN OUT Detect Trigger
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x0181304f: [Jack] Line In at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Blue
DefAssociation = 0x4, Sequence = 0xf
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN VREF_HIZ
Unsolicited: tag=05, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 5
0x0c* 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f 0x26
Node 0x1b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058f: Stereo Amp-In Amp-Out
Control: name="Headphone Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x0001373e: IN OUT HP EAPD Detect Trigger
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x02214030: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Front
Conn = 1/8, Color = Green
DefAssociation = 0x3, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0xc0: OUT HP VREF_HIZ
Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 5
0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f 0x26*
Node 0x1c [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400481: Stereo
Pincap 0x00000024: IN Detect
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x1d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400400: Mono
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x4026c629: [N/A] HP Out at Ext N/A
Conn = Digital, Color = UNKNOWN
DefAssociation = 0x2, Sequence = 0x9
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x1e [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400781: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000010: OUT
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x06
Node 0x1f [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400681: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x411111f0: [N/A] Speaker at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Black
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x20 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00040: Mono
Processing caps: benign=0, ncoeff=24
Node 0x21 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x22 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 12
0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1c 0x1d 0x14 0x15 0x16 0x17 0x0b 0x12
Node 0x23 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x80 0x80] [0x00 0x00] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 11
0x18 0x19 0x1a 0x1b 0x1c 0x1d 0x14 0x15 0x16 0x17 0x0b
Node 0x24 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00000: Mono
Node 0x25 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x41d: Stereo Amp-Out
Control: name="Headphone Playback Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=Out, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x40, nsteps=0x40, stepsize=0x03, mute=0
Amp-Out vals: [0x31 0x31]
Converter: stream=1, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x560]: 44100 48000 96000 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x26 [Audio Mixer] wcaps 0x20010b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x00, stepsize=0x00, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00] [0x80 0x80]
Connection: 2
0x25 0x0b
Codec: Nvidia GPU 60 HDMI/DP
Address: 0
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 0)
Vendor Id: 0x10de0060
Subsystem Id: 0x14583667
Revision Id: 0x100100
No Modem Function Group found
Default PCM:
rates [0x0]:
bits [0x0]:
formats [0x0]:
Default Amp-In caps: N/A
Default Amp-Out caps: N/A
State of AFG node 0x01:
Power states: D0 D1 D2 D3 CLKSTOP EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
GPIO: io=0, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=0, wake=0
Node 0x04 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x407381: 8-Channels Digital CP
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
Pincap 0x09000094: OUT Detect HBR HDMI DP
Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1
Connection: 4
0x08* 0x09 0x0a 0x0b
Node 0x05 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x407381: 8-Channels Digital CP
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=1, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=1, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=1, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=1, device=0
Pincap 0x09000094: OUT Detect HBR HDMI DP
Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1
Connection: 4
0x08* 0x09 0x0a 0x0b
Node 0x06 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x407381: 8-Channels Digital CP
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=2, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=2, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=2, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=2, device=0
Pincap 0x09000094: OUT Detect HBR HDMI DP
Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=03, enabled=1
Connection: 4
0x08* 0x09 0x0a 0x0b
Node 0x07 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x407381: 8-Channels Digital CP
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=3, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=3, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=3, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=3, device=0
Pincap 0x09000094: OUT Detect HBR HDMI DP
Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=04, enabled=1
Connection: 4
0x08* 0x09 0x0a 0x0b
Node 0x08 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x62b1: 8-Channels Digital Stripe
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital: Enabled
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x7f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 176400 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x5]: PCM AC3
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Node 0x09 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x62b1: 8-Channels Digital Stripe
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x7f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 176400 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x5]: PCM AC3
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Node 0x0a [Audio Output] wcaps 0x62b1: 8-Channels Digital Stripe
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x7f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 176400 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x5]: PCM AC3
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Node 0x0b [Audio Output] wcaps 0x62b1: 8-Channels Digital Stripe
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x7f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000 176400 192000
bits [0xe]: 16 20 24
formats [0x5]: PCM AC3
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0## Heading ##
编辑2
“机器里的幽灵”在取笑我。
唯一alsamixer对 Audacity 的录音音量产生影响的部分是“Capture”，即下面最高级别的部分。
答案1
部分答案：
无论插入或不插入麦克风，这两种
amixer -c0内容都会给出完全相同的结果。cat /proc/asound/card*/codec#*
这意味着您的编解码器无法检测到麦克风已插入，无论出于何种原因。
特别是，它排除了 BIOS 为引脚复合体分配错误值的情况（这是一个很常见的错误，特别是对于笔记本电脑），并且 ALSA 只是没有接受编解码器更改（也会发生）。
因此，要么硬件坏了（那么就没有办法让它工作了），要么你可以设置正确的配置来手动获取麦克风。因此，解决“未检测到的情况”不会有帮助。
如果更改音量设置，它们是否会以任何方式影响负载噪音？哪些设置会影响它，哪些不会？
编辑
好的，从我到达的编解码器映射拓扑
N = Node P = Pin M = Mixer I = Audio In O = Audio Out S = Selector
V = Vendor
O02 "Front"
O03 "Speaker"
O04 "Surround"
O05 "Center"
O06 "Digital"
V07
I08 <- N23 Main
I09 <- N22 Alt
I0a <- P1f Digital
M0b <- P18 P19 P1a P1b P1c P1d P14 P15 P16 P17
M0c <- O02 M0b "Loopback 1"
M0d <- O03 M0b "Loopback 2"
M0e <- O04 M0b "Loopback 3"
M0f <- O05 M0b "Loopback 4"
O10 "Digital"
P11 Line out
P12 ?? Speaker Ext Rear
V13
P14 <- M0c OUT Line Out Ext Rear
P15 <- M0d OUT Speaker Int
P16 <- M0e IN Speaker Ext Rear Black
P17 <- M0f IN Speaker Ext Rear Black
P18 <- M0c M0d M0e M0f N26 IN Mic Ext Rear
P19 <- M0c M0d M0e M0f N26 IN Mic Ext Front
P1a <- M0c M0d M0e M0f N26 IN Line In Ext Rear
P1b <- M0c M0d M0e M0f N26 OUT HP Out
P1c IN
P1d IN
P1e <- O06 OUT DIG
P1f IN
V20
V21
M22 <- P18 P19 P1a P1b P1c P1d P14 P15 P16 P17 M9b P12 Alt
M23 <- P18 P19 P1a P1b P1c P1d P14 P15 P16 P17 M9b Main
V24
O25
M26 <- O25 M0b
这意味着 P16 和 P17 被 BIOS 标记为错误（应该是 OUT），并且可能未连接。 M22和M23是两个输入的录音混音器，M0b是环回混音器。
查看 ALSA 标签，ALSA 似乎对拓扑感到困惑，并错误地分配了标签。
因此，您听到的只是从编解码器中某处拾取的噪音，因为 ALSA 在录制时建立了错误的连接。
1) 通过在未插入 MIC 的情况下进行编解码器转储、插入并进行第二个编解码器转储来再次测试检测。将两个转储与 进行比较diff。你应该查看节点 P18 或 P19 中的差异。差别非常小。
2）你可以尝试hdajackretask纠正P16和P17，看看是否不再让ALSA感到困惑。
3) 如果您了解编解码器的工作原理，您可以使用包hda-verb中的alsa-tools内容来手动纠正 ALSA 在录制过程中所做的错误分配，并看看这样是否正确。
4) 向 ALSA 开发人员 (google) 提交错误报告，并包含足够的编解码器转储以显示错误的分配。
答案2
似乎有时脉冲音频配置会损坏，导致无法检测到麦克风等输入设备。
要重置脉冲音频配置，请执行以下操作：
- 删除以下目录：
~/.config/pulse。 - 重新启动脉冲音频：
pulseaudio -k ; pulseaudio -D