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即使“setuptools”似乎已安装，为什么“pip”会抛出“ModuleNotFoundError”？

tag-icon • tag-icon python amazon-ec2 pip amazon setuptools
即使“setuptools”似乎已安装，为什么“pip”会抛出“ModuleNotFoundError”？

在 EC2 实例上，我尝试使用 安装 Python 包pip，但收到一条异常，指出ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'setuptools'。

对于上下文，我运行的命令是

pip install --user mlflow

setuptools我尝试使用以下命令解决安装问题： sudo yum install python36-setuptools。然而，返回的消息表明setuptools已经安装：

Package python36-setuptools-36.2.7-1.33.amzn1.noarch already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

请指教。

更新：将 EC2 实例从 切换到 后，Amazon Linux AMI 2018.03.0我Amazon Linux 2 AMI能够mlflow使用成功安装pip。

问题仍然存在 - 为什么我能够使用Amazon Linux 2 AMI但不能成功安装Amazon Linux AMI 2018.03.0？

答案1

如果无法访问计算机，则很难验证这一点，因为您过去可能做了一些导致此问题的操作。
最可能的解释如下：

它不适用于旧的 AMI，因为pip指向 python2 pip，但setuptools安装的是 python 3.6。您可能需要安装python-setuptools-36.2.7.
它可能适用于其他 AMI，因为已经安装了正确的安装工具。

这也可以回答问题的第二部分，因为 python 2 和 python 3 不兼容，导致 python-2-libraries 无法与 python 3 一起使用。

另一种可能是由于某种原因存在权限问题导致以非root用户运行的pip无法访问setuptools.
或者您PYTHONPATH在某种程度上出了问题，导致无法找到包裹。

看这关于 AMI 中的默认 python 版本和对 python 2 的支持。

答案2

当我尝试从源安装软件包时，我刚刚在同一个 EC2 AMI 中遇到了这个问题。和你一样，我也从 python36 包附带的默认值更新了我的 pip，尽管只是每用户模块，而不是 sudo。

我通过简单地恢复到默认版本来修复此问题。

python3 -m pip install pip==9.0.3

当我收到这个莫名其妙的 setuptools 错误时，我正在安装 alembic==1.4.2 （这是airflow 1.10.12的固定依赖项） - 即使我确保明确定位 python36 pip 而不是系统 pip。

我更新 pip 的唯一原因是这个点错误它阻塞了 IPython 包。这需要从 v7.17+ 开始的 python 3.7 - 另一个固定的气流依赖项。

[...snip...]
Successfully installed setuptools-50.3.0 wheel-0.35.1
  Removed build tracker: '/tmp/pip-req-tracker-c93y9xdk'
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Running command /usr/bin/python3 /home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py get_requires_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpqnn43_v0
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 228, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 182, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 324, in run
    reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 183, in resolve
    discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 388, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 340, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    abstract_dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(req)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 483, in prepare_linked_requirement
    req, self.req_tracker, self.finder, self.build_isolation,
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 91, in _get_prepared_distribution
    abstract_dist.prepare_distribution_metadata(finder, build_isolation)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/sdist.py", line 38, in prepare_distribution_metadata
    self._setup_isolation(finder)
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/distributions/sdist.py", line 96, in _setup_isolation
    reqs = backend.get_requires_for_build_wheel()
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py", line 161, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
    'config_settings': config_settings
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py", line 265, in _call_hook
    raise BackendUnavailable(data.get('traceback', ''))
pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers.BackendUnavailable: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/airflow/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 86, in _build_backend
    obj = import_module(mod_path)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 941, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 953, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'setuptools'

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