我在 Macbook 上打开了 bash 终端，并且正在运行
ssh -X <some_ip>
其中<some_ip>指的是 Ubuntu 20.04 VM。我登录没有任何问题。但是，当尝试执行类似的命令时gedit，我得到
Unable to init server: Could not connect: Connection refused
(gedit:4179) Gtk-WARNING **: 22:36:47.151: cannot open display:
编辑：
这是运行 ssh 的输出-vv：
OpenSSH_8.1p1, LibreSSL 2.7.3
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/daniel/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/daniel/.ssh/config line 5: Applying options for partytime
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 47: Applying options for *
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 51: Applying options for *
debug2: resolve_canonicalize: hostname 192.168.0.124 is address
debug2: ssh_connect_direct
debug1: Connecting to 192.168.0.124 [192.168.0.124] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1
debug1: match: OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to 192.168.0.124:22 as 'daniel'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:v4IB0eX8tnrBnIVe/ejHBFNPAcpnPpctNlcgapyxlj0
debug1: Host '192.168.0.124' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/daniel/.ssh/known_hosts:5
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:nRkJrD4P1PL16Mde2OWWXUoyBP55fxcnZ5TSzP+CAVM
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_xmss
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,[email protected],ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected]>
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:nRkJrD4P1PL16Mde2OWWXUoyBP55fxcnZ5TSzP+CAVM
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Server accepts key: /Users/daniel/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:nRkJrD4P1PL16Mde2OWWXUoyBP55fxcnZ5TSzP+CAVM
debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
Authenticated to 192.168.0.124 ([192.168.0.124]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug2: channel 0: send open
debug1: Requesting [email protected]
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: pledge: exec
debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0
debug1: Remote: /home/daniel/.ssh/authorized_keys:1: key options: agent-forwarding port-forwarding pty user-rc x11-forwarding
debug1: Remote: /home/daniel/.ssh/authorized_keys:1: key options: agent-forwarding port-forwarding pty user-rc x11-forwarding
debug2: channel_input_open_confirmation: channel 0: callback start
debug1: X11 forwarding requested but DISPLAY not set
debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0
debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1
debug1: Sending environment.
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8
debug2: channel 0: request env confirm 0
debug2: channel 0: request shell confirm 1
debug2: channel_input_open_confirmation: channel 0: callback done
debug2: channel 0: open confirm rwindow 0 rmax 32768
debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0
debug2: PTY allocation request accepted on channel 0
debug2: channel 0: rcvd adjust 2097152
debug2: channel_input_status_confirm: type 99 id 0
debug2: shell request accepted on channel 0
答案1
Macbook 无法显示 X11 应用程序的窗口，除非X石英软件已安装。它曾经随旧版本的 MacOS X 一起提供；现在它是一个单独的软件包。
安装 XQuartz 后，每当您尝试启动 X11 GUI 程序时，它都应该自动启动：在您的示例中，当您建立ssh -X连接并gedit在远程系统上运行命令时，XQuartz 图标应该自动弹出到您的 Dock 中然后gedit应该会出现窗口。
答案2
在 Ubuntu VM 中，编辑配置文件/etc/ssh/sshd_config
然后设置 X11Forwarding yes
最后重新启动 SSH 守护进程。