我正在尝试安装 BLFS 8.4 我已成功安装 alsa-lib 和 alsa-utilities，alsa-mixer 也工作正常。我的声卡是“HDA Intel”。
speaker-test也有效，但给出了不需要的输出：
speaker-test 1.1.8
Playback device is default
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Rate set to 48000Hz (requested 48000Hz)
Buffer size range from 2048 to 8192
Period size range from 1024 to 1024
Using max buffer size 8192
Periods = 4
was set period_size = 1024
was set buffer_size = 8192
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.823178
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986632
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986640
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986624
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986635
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986632
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986626
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986631
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986632
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986633
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986628
0 - Front Left
^[[5~Time per period = 2.986638
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986628
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986633
0 - Front Left
^CWrite error: -4,Interrupted system call
xrun_recovery failed: -4,Interrupted system call
Transfer failed: Interrupted system call
aplay -v /dev/urandom
Playing raw data '/dev/urandom' : Unsigned 8 bit, Rate 8000 Hz, Mono
Plug PCM: Rate conversion PCM (48000, sformat=U8)
Converter: libspeex (external)
Protocol version: 10002
Its setup is:
stream : PLAYBACK
access : RW_INTERLEAVED
format : U8
subformat : STD
channels : 1
rate : 8000
exact rate : 8000 (8000/1)
msbits : 8
buffer_size : 1365
period_size : 170
period_time : 21333
tstamp_mode : NONE
tstamp_type : MONOTONIC
period_step : 1
avail_min : 170
period_event : 0
start_threshold : 1365
stop_threshold : 1365
silence_threshold: 0
silence_size : 0
boundary : 768426686420090880
Slave: Route conversion PCM (sformat=S32_LE)
Transformation table:
0 <- 0
1 <- 0
Its setup is:
stream : PLAYBACK
access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED
format : U8
subformat : STD
channels : 1
rate : 48000
exact rate : 48000 (48000/1)
msbits : 8
buffer_size : 8192
period_size : 1024
period_time : 21333
tstamp_mode : NONE
tstamp_type : MONOTONIC
period_step : 1
avail_min : 1024
period_event : 0
start_threshold : 8192
stop_threshold : 8192
silence_threshold: 0
silence_size : 0
boundary : 4611686018427387904
Slave: Soft volume PCM
Control: PCM Playback Volume
min_dB: -51
max_dB: 0
resolution: 256
Its setup is:
stream : PLAYBACK
access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED
format : S32_LE
subformat : STD
channels : 2
rate : 48000
exact rate : 48000 (48000/1)
msbits : 32
buffer_size : 8192
period_size : 1024
period_time : 21333
tstamp_mode : NONE
tstamp_type : MONOTONIC
period_step : 1
avail_min : 1024
period_event : 0
start_threshold : 8192
stop_threshold : 8192
silence_threshold: 0
silence_size : 0
boundary : 4611686018427387904
Slave: Direct Stream Mixing PCM
Its setup is:
stream : PLAYBACK
access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED
format : S32_LE
subformat : STD
channels : 2
rate : 48000
exact rate : 48000 (48000/1)
msbits : 32
buffer_size : 8192
period_size : 1024
period_time : 21333
tstamp_mode : NONE
tstamp_type : MONOTONIC
period_step : 1
avail_min : 1024
period_event : 0
start_threshold : 8192
stop_threshold : 8192
silence_threshold: 0
silence_size : 0
boundary : 4611686018427387904
Hardware PCM card 0 'HDA Intel' device 0 subdevice 0
Its setup is:
stream : PLAYBACK
access : MMAP_INTERLEAVED
format : S32_LE
subformat : STD
channels : 2
rate : 48000
exact rate : 48000 (48000/1)
msbits : 32
buffer_size : 8192
period_size : 1024
period_time : 21333
tstamp_mode : ENABLE
tstamp_type : MONOTONIC
period_step : 1
avail_min : 1024
period_event : 0
start_threshold : 1
stop_threshold : 4611686018427387904
silence_threshold: 0
silence_size : 4611686018427387904
boundary : 4611686018427387904
appl_ptr : 0
hw_ptr : 2049^CAborted by signal Interrupt...
aplay: pcm_write:2053: write error: Interrupted system call
paplay -v --raw /dev/urandom
Opening a playback stream with sample specification 's16le 2ch 44100Hz' and channel map 'front-left,front-right'.
Connection established.
Stream successfully created.
Buffer metrics: maxlength=4194304, tlength=352800, prebuf=349276, minreq=3528
Using sample spec 's16le 2ch 44100Hz', channel map 'front-left,front-right'.
Connected to device alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo (index: 0, suspended: no).
Stream started.
^CGot signal, exiting.ncy: 2260381 usec.
amixer
Simple mixer control 'Master',0
Capabilities: pvolume pvolume-joined pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Limits: Playback 0 - 127
Mono: Playback 127 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Headphone',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 127
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 104 [82%] [-17.25dB] [off]
Front Right: Playback 104 [82%] [-17.25dB] [off]
Simple mixer control 'Speaker',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 127
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 127 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Playback 127 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
Capabilities: pvolume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 255
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 255 [100%] [0.00dB]
Front Right: Playback 255 [100%] [0.00dB]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',0
Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Mono
Mono: Playback [off]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',0
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 15
Front Left: Capture 8 [53%] [12.00dB] [on]
Front Right: Capture 8 [53%] [12.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Auto-Mute Mode',0
Capabilities: enum
Items: 'Disabled' 'Enabled'
Item0: 'Disabled'
Simple mixer control 'Internal Mic Boost',0
Capabilities: volume
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: 0 - 3
Front Left: 3 [100%] [30.00dB]
Front Right: 3 [100%] [30.00dB]
我也找不到~/.asoundrc，并且/etc/asound.conf有一个配置文件，/etc/alsa/conf.d但没有alsa.conf书中给出的配置文件。该命令locate libasound.so显示目录/usr/lib/libasound.so，但没有/usr/lib/alsa-lib/smixer书中给出的目录。
答案1
我的笔记本电脑终于有声音了！我刚刚将所有内容都作为模块制作<m>，Device Drivers -> Sound Card Support -> Advanced Linux Sound Architecture并且它有效！
lsmod以下是所需模块的输出：
lsmod
Module Size Used by
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 45056 1
snd_hda_codec_idt 49152 1
snd_hda_codec_generic 65536 1 snd_hda_codec_idt
snd_hda_intel 36864 3
snd_hda_codec 98304 4 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_idt
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_hda_core 65536 5 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_idt