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使用子分隔符修改第一列

tag-icon • tag-icon linux text-processing awk
使用子分隔符修改第一列

假设我有一个文本文件：

aaa-123;bread;apple;banana
aaa-123;bread;apple;banana
aaa-123;bread;apple;banana
bbb-123;bread;apple;banana
bbb-1234;bread;app-le;banana
bbb-222;bread;apple;banana

我需要删除 - 和 之间的内容；通过 awk 在第一列上预期结果：

aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;app-le;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana

答案1

无论哪个字段包含-s 以及第一个字段是否包含 s，这都可以在每个 Unix 机器上的任何 shell 中使用任何 awk：

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS=";"} {sub(/-.*/,"",$1)} 1' file
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;app-le;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana

答案2

用于sed非贪婪（尽可能短）匹配：

sed 's/-[^;]*;/;/' infile

答案3

withawk和 usingsplit()函数：

awk -v FS=';' 'split($1,a,/-/) {$1=a[1];print $1, $2, $3, $4}' OFS=';' file
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;app-le;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana

答案4

awk '{gsub(/-[0-9]*/,"",$1);print }' filename

 sed 's/-[0-9]*//g' filename

Python

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
import re 
m=re.compile(r'-[0-9]*')
k=open('filename','r')
for i in k:
    m=re.sub(o,"",i)
    print m.strip()

输出

aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
aaa;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana
bbb;bread;apple;banana

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