问题

问题

我运行apt-get upgrade,它说没有什么可以升级到:

# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade
Hit:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease                                                                                        
Hit:4 http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster-backports InRelease                                                                              
Get:5 http://nginx.org/packages/debian buster InRelease [3,589 B]                                                                          
Hit:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease                                                                                
Hit:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease                                                                       
Hit:10 https://www.deb-multimedia.org buster InRelease                                                                          
Hit:9 http://cdn-fastly.deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease    
Fetched 9,177 B in 2s (5,558 B/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

但是,我通过以下方式安装了内核buster-backports

# apt-get install -t buster-backports linux-image-amd64

当前版本是5.9.0-0.bpo.2-amd64

# uname -a
Linux erik3 5.9.0-0.bpo.2-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.9.6-1~bpo10+1 (2020-11-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux

...它有一个更新:

root@erik3:~# apt-cache policy linux-image-amd64
linux-image-amd64:
  Installed: 4.19+105+deb10u8
  Candidate: 4.19+105+deb10u8
  Version table:
     5.9.15-1~bpo10+1 100
        100 http://ftp.debian.org/debian buster-backports/main amd64 Packages
 *** 4.19+105+deb10u8 500
        500 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://http.debian.net/debian buster/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     4.19+105+deb10u7 500
        500 http://deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 Packages

但是,apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade忽略包实际所属位置的任何更新。

问题

如果我从向后移植安装了这些软件包,如何知道apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade从向后移植升级这些软件包?

答案1

但是,我从 中安装了内核buster-backports,因此它有一个更新:

不完全是。您将向后移植存储库添加到源中,但没有安装该软件包。

来自反向移植的软件包不会自动安装(apt 设置NotAutomatic: yes),而是在安装后进行升级(ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes,优先级 100)。

版本4.19+105+deb10u8已安装(也是安装候选版本),5.9.15-1~bpo10+1优先级较低,为 100,需要手动安装

apt -t buster-backports install linux-image-amd64

然后,升级将自动从向后移植安装更新版本的软件包(除非有其他源具有更高的优先级和更新的版本)。

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