我无法再使用apt或运行任何东西dpkg。例如，
$ sudo apt install sl
apt: error while loading shared libraries: libzstd.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
我尝试通过libzstd以下方式手动安装：
$ wget http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libz/libzstd/libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
dpkg-deb: error while loading shared libraries: libzstd.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing archive libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb (--install):
dpkg-deb --control subprocess returned error exit status 127
Errors were encountered while processing:
libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
这是在我从私有存储库 ( quicksilver-rocksdb)中卸载了一个与libzstd.我/var/log/apt/term.log按照此处的建议附上我的相关部分：https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+bug/1764858发生在跑步时sudo apt remove quicksilver-rocksdb。
Log started: 2021-01-21 15:18:07
Selecting previously unselected package libllvm11:amd64.^M
(Reading database ... ^M(Reading database ... 5%^M(Reading database ... 10%^M(Reading database ... 15%^M(Reading database ... 20%^M(Reading database ... 25%^M(Reading database ... 30%^M(Reading database ... 35%^M(Reading database ... 40%^M(Reading database ... 45%^M(Reading database ... 50%^M(Reading database ... 55%^M(Reading database ... 60%^M(Reading database ... 65%^M(Reading database ... 70%^M(Reading database ... 75%^M(Reading database ... 80%^M(Reading database ... 85%^M(Reading database ... 90%^M(Reading database ... 95%^M(Reading database ... 100%^M(Reading database ... 274377 files and directories currently installed.)^M
Preparing to unpack .../0-libllvm11_1%3a11.0.0-2~ubuntu20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libllvm11:amd64 (1:11.0.0-2~ubuntu20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../1-mesa-vulkan-drivers_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../2-libxatracker2_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libxatracker2:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../3-libgbm1_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libgbm1:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../4-libegl-mesa0_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libegl-mesa0:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../5-libglx-mesa0_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libglx-mesa0:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../6-libglapi-mesa_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libglapi-mesa:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../7-libgl1-mesa-dri_20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 (20.2.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) over (20.0.8-0ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...^M
Preparing to unpack .../8-libapt-pkg6.0_2.0.4_amd64.deb ...^M
Unpacking libapt-pkg6.0:amd64 (2.0.4) over (2.0.2ubuntu0.2) ...^M
Setting up libapt-pkg6.0:amd64 (2.0.4) ...^M
^[[1mdpkg:^[[0m quicksilver-rocksdb: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested:^M
squashfs-tools depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libxatracker2:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libwireshark13:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libtiff5:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libsereal-encoder-perl depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libsereal-decoder-perl depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libboost-iostreams1.71.0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libarchive13:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
libapt-pkg6.0:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
dpkg depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:^M
Package libzstd1 is not installed.^M
Package quicksilver-rocksdb which provides libzstd1 is to be removed.^M
^M
^M
(Reading database ... ^M(Reading database ... 5%^M(Reading database ... 10%^M(Reading database ... 15%^M(Reading database ... 20%^M(Reading database ... 25%^M(Reading database ... 30%^M(Reading database ... 35%^M(Reading database ... 40%^M(Reading database ... 45%^M(Reading database ... 50%^M(Reading database ... 55%^M(Reading database ... 60%^M(Reading database ... 65%^M(Reading database ... 70%^M(Reading database ... 75%^M(Reading database ... 80%^M(Reading database ... 85%^M(Reading database ... 90%^M(Reading database ... 95%^M(Reading database ... 100%^M(Reading database ... 274386 files and directories currently installed.)^M
Removing quicksilver-rocksdb (6.6.4-cloudflare.3-1) ...^M
^[[1mdpkg:^[[0m ^[[1;33mwarning:^[[0m while removing quicksilver-rocksdb, directory '/usr/local/share/man/man1' not empty so not removed^M
^[[1mdpkg:^[[0m ^[[1;33mwarning:^[[0m while removing quicksilver-rocksdb, directory '/usr/local/lib' not empty so not removed^M
dpkg-deb: error while loading shared libraries: libzstd.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory^M
^[[1mdpkg:^[[0m error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libzstd1_1.4.4+dfsg-3_amd64.deb (--unpack):^M
dpkg-deb --control subprocess returned error exit status 127^M
Errors were encountered while processing:^M
/var/cache/apt/archives/libzstd1_1.4.4+dfsg-3_amd64.deb^M
Log ended: 2021-01-21 15:18:11
此外，我libzstd1_1.4.4+dfsg-3_amd64.deb从中删除了/var/cache/apt/archives/此处提到的内容error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libzstd1_1.4.4+dfsg-3_amd64.deb (--unpack):，以便能够执行libzstd1using的重新安装dpkg -i，但我仍然没有成功执行此操作，并出现与开头提到的相同错误，即：
$ sudo dpkg -i libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
dpkg-deb: error while loading shared libraries: libzstd.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing archive libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb (--install):
dpkg-deb --control subprocess returned error exit status 127
Errors were encountered while processing:
libzstd1_1.4.8+dfsg-1_amd64.deb
类似问题的一个答案是运行以下命令：
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64:
mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:
Package libzstd1 is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64:
libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:
Package libzstd1 is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libxatracker2:amd64:
libxatracker2:amd64 depends on libzstd1 (>= 1.3.2); however:
Package libzstd1 is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package libxatracker2:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libglx-mesa0:amd64:
libglx-mesa0:amd64 depends on libgl1-mesa-dri; however:
Package libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package libglx-mesa0:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
mesa-vulkan-drivers:amd64
libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64
libxatracker2:amd64
libglx-mesa0:amd64
其次是
$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
apt: error while loading shared libraries: libzstd.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
但这显然也不起作用。
答案1
我通过复制安装在运行我的 Ubuntu 版本的另一台计算机上并在同一目录中/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libzstd.so.1.4.4创建符号链接文件libzstd.so.1来解决这个问题。libzstd.so.1.4.4/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/