我有一台配备 NVMe SSD 的笔记本电脑：
# nvme list
Node SN Model Namespace Usage Format FW Rev
---------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------- -------------------------- ---------------- --------
/dev/nvme0n1 <-CENSORED-> KXG50ZNV512G NVMe TOSHIBA 512GB 1 512.11 GB / 512.11 GB 512 B + 0 B AADA4107
SMART 没有告诉我通常原始值除了 ~已写入 22 TB。
# smartctl -a /dev/nvme0n1
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-74-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Number: KXG50ZNV512G NVMe TOSHIBA 512GB
Serial Number: <-CENSORED->
Firmware Version: AADA4107
PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x1179
IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x00080d
Total NVM Capacity: 512,110,190,592 [512 GB]
Unallocated NVM Capacity: 0
Controller ID: 0
Number of Namespaces: 1
Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 512,110,190,592 [512 GB]
Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 512
Namespace 1 IEEE EUI-64: 00080d 0500023e1d
Local Time is: Thu Jun 3 14:12:35 2021 CEST
Firmware Updates (0x14): 2 Slots, no Reset required
Optional Admin Commands (0x0017): Security Format Frmw_DL Self_Test
Optional NVM Commands (0x005f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Timestmp
Maximum Data Transfer Size: 512 Pages
Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 78 Celsius
Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 82 Celsius
Namespace 1 Features (0x02): NA_Fields
Supported Power States
St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat
0 + 6.00W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 + 2.40W - - 1 1 1 1 0 0
2 + 1.90W - - 2 2 2 2 0 0
3 - 0.0500W - - 3 3 3 3 1500 1500
4 - 0.0030W - - 4 4 4 4 50000 80000
Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1)
Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf
0 + 512 0 2
1 - 4096 0 1
=== START OF SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02)
Critical Warning: 0x00
Temperature: 35 Celsius
Available Spare: 100%
Available Spare Threshold: 10%
Percentage Used: 9%
Data Units Read: 63,196,994 [32.3 TB]
Data Units Written: 43,370,182 [22.2 TB]
Host Read Commands: 549,038,974
Host Write Commands: 420,271,939
Controller Busy Time: 2,885
Power Cycles: 2,160
Power On Hours: 17,684
Unsafe Shutdowns: 211
Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0
Error Information Log Entries: 0
Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0
Temperature Sensor 1: 35 Celsius
Error Information (NVMe Log 0x01, max 128 entries)
No Errors Logged
另外，我刚刚看了：
# nvme error-log /dev/nvme0n1
它仅包含以下条目中的 64 个：
.................
error_count : 0
sqid : 0
cmdid : 0
status_field : 0(SUCCESS: The command completed successfully)
parm_err_loc : 0
lba : 0
nsid : 0
vs : 0
cs : 0
.................
问：是否可以评估 SSD 的磨损程度？也许通过可用备用标签？
答案1
磨损程度由“使用百分比”字段给出，指定为（第 184 页）：
使用百分比：包含基于实际使用情况和制造商对 NVM 寿命的预测对 NVM 子系统寿命百分比的供应商特定估计。值 100 表示 NVM 子系统中 NVM 的估计耐用性已被消耗，但可能并不表示 NVM 子系统出现故障。该值允许超过100。大于254的百分比应表示为255。每个上电小时（控制器不处于睡眠状态时）该值更新一次。