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解析逗号分隔的字符串，忽略引号之间的逗号

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解析逗号分隔的字符串，忽略引号之间的逗号

我有一个逗号分隔的字符串，其中可能包含带逗号的引号元素。例如：

issuer=C = US, O = "DigiCert, Inc.", CN = DigiCert High Assurance TLS Hybrid ECC SHA256 2020 CA1

我想提取不同的元素，忽略引用的逗号（DigiCert, Inc.）。

该脚本应符合 POSIX 标准并在非 GNU 系统上运行。

答案1

鉴于你不想一个通用的解决方案，即您正在寻找一种破解方案并且不希望有一个强大的解决方案，这看起来相当破解，但会产生正确的输出，至少如果您给出的示例输入是您可以合理地处理的最复杂的情​​况遇到：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -o posix

grep '^[[:blank:]]*Issuer:' |
sed -Ee 's/^.* O[[:blank:]]*=[[:blank:]]*("[^"]*"|[^",]*),.*/\1/'

即使作为一名黑客，我也确信如果有人需要的话，这可以得到改进。

上面的代码几乎符合 POSIX 标准，并且在我的非 GNU 系统上运行。

$ grep -w Issuer: /usr/local/etc/ssl/cert.pem | head -5; \
    echo '...'; grep -w Issuer: /usr/local/etc/ssl/cert.pem | tail -5
        Issuer: C = ES, O = FNMT-RCM, OU = AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM
        Issuer: C = ES, O = FNMT-RCM, OU = Ceres, organizationIdentifier = VATES-Q2826004J, CN = AC RAIZ FNMT-RCM SERVIDORES SEGUROS
        Issuer: CN = ACCVRAIZ1, OU = PKIACCV, O = ACCV, C = ES
        Issuer: C = IT, L = Milan, O = Actalis S.p.A./03358520967, CN = Actalis Authentication Root CA
        Issuer: C = US, O = AffirmTrust, CN = AffirmTrust Commercial
...
        Issuer: C = US, ST = New Jersey, L = Jersey City, O = The USERTRUST Network, CN = USERTrust ECC Certification Authority
        Issuer: C = US, ST = New Jersey, L = Jersey City, O = The USERTRUST Network, CN = USERTrust RSA Certification Authority
        Issuer: C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 1999 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 1 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3
        Issuer: C = US, O = "VeriSign, Inc.", OU = VeriSign Trust Network, OU = "(c) 1999 VeriSign, Inc. - For authorized use only", CN = VeriSign Class 2 Public Primary Certification Authority - G3
        Issuer: C = US, OU = www.xrampsecurity.com, O = XRamp Security Services Inc, CN = XRamp Global Certification Authority
$ ./test.sh < /usr/local/etc/ssl/cert.pem | head -5; \
    echo '...'; ./test.sh < /usr/local/etc/ssl/cert.pem | tail -5
FNMT-RCM
FNMT-RCM
ACCV
Actalis S.p.A./03358520967
AffirmTrust
...
The USERTRUST Network
The USERTRUST Network
"VeriSign, Inc."
"VeriSign, Inc."
XRamp Security Services Inc

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