我的 PC 中有 2 个磁盘，一个 SSD 上装有我的 Linux 系统，一个 HDD 上装有 Windows 和其他一些东西。现在，当我在身份验证后尝试安装硬盘时，我不断收到以下错误，该错误在未更改系统的情况下过夜出现。
[尝试安装硬盘时的硬盘验证屏幕]
访问“基本数据分区”时发生错误，系统响应：发生未指定的错误：未收到回复。可能的原因包括：远程应用程序未发送回复、消息总线安全策略阻止回复、回复超时或网络连接中断
尝试挂载 /proc/partitions 之前的输出：
259 0 976762584 nvme0n1
259 1 524288 nvme0n1p1
259 2 958271734 nvme0n1p2
259 3 17961962 nvme0n1p3
11 0 1048575 sr0
7 1 4 loop1
7 0 66776 loop0
7 2 93316 loop2
7 3 56828 loop3
7 4 93256 loop4
7 5 56820 loop5
7 7 33220 loop7
7 6 168712 loop6
7 8 44308 loop8
8 0 976762584 sda
8 1 102400 sda1
8 2 131072 sda2
8 3 975613223 sda3
8 4 912384 sda4
cat /etc/fstab 的输出
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a device; this may
# be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices that works even if
# disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
UUID=DB6E-0849 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 2
UUID=7b598707-9f6b-42f3-846e-71fd01752e84 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
UUID=315943cb-caa9-488a-a3e9-308e6218486f swap swap defaults,noatime 0 0
sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda 的输出
fdisk: cannot open /dev/sda: Input/output error
sudo fdisk -l 的输出：
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 931.51 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk model: WDS100T3X0C-00SJG0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 29B5454C-DA51-8545-8062-20EC370C77CF
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 4096 1052671 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2 1052672 1917596140 1916543469 913.9G Linux filesystem
/dev/nvme0n1p3 1917596141 1953520064 35923924 17.1G Linux swap
Disk /dev/loop1: 4 KiB, 4096 bytes, 8 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop0: 65.21 MiB, 68378624 bytes, 133552 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 91.13 MiB, 95555584 bytes, 186632 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop3: 55.5 MiB, 58191872 bytes, 113656 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop4: 91.07 MiB, 95494144 bytes, 186512 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop5: 55.49 MiB, 58183680 bytes, 113640 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop7: 32.44 MiB, 34017280 bytes, 66440 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop6: 164.76 MiB, 172761088 bytes, 337424 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop8: 43.27 MiB, 45371392 bytes, 88616 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 931.51 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk model: ST31000524AS
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 899D4B03-4C45-4868-A3ED-04525A4A516C
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
/dev/sda2 206848 468991 262144 128M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda3 468992 1951695437 1951226446 930.4G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda4 1951696896 1953521663 1824768 891M Windows recovery environment
输出 sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda
A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options.
With -T permissive:
Short INQUIRY response, skip product id
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Health Status: OK
Current Drive Temperature: 0 C
Drive Trip Temperature: 0 C
Read defect list: asked for grown list but didn't get it
Error Counter logging not supported
Device does not support Self Test logging
sudo dmesg -t --level=alert,crit,err,warn 的输出：
Expanded resource Reserved due to conflict with PCI Bus 0000:00
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: reset failed, giving up
vboxdrv: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
VBoxNetAdp: Successfully started.
VBoxNetFlt: Successfully started.
acpi PNP0C14:02: duplicate WMI GUID 05901221-D566-11D1-B2F0-00A0C9062910 (first instance was on PNP0C14:01)
r8168 Copyright (C) 2021 Realtek NIC software team <[email protected]>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details, please see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
[drm] dce110_link_encoder_construct: Failed to get encoder_cap_info from VBIOS with error code 4!
[drm] dce110_link_encoder_construct: Failed to get encoder_cap_info from VBIOS with error code 4!
hid-generic 0003:1532:0531.0008: No inputs registered, leaving
thermal thermal_zone0: failed to read out thermal zone (-61)
amdgpu: SRAT table not found
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
ACPI: \: failed to evaluate _DSM (0x1001)
usb 1-5: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=4096), cval->res is probably wrong.
usb 1-5: [11] FU [Sidetone Playback Volume] ch = 1, val = 0/4096/1
ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
kauditd_printk_skb: 51 callbacks suppressed
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
kauditd_printk_skb: 13 callbacks suppressed
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: reset failed, giving up
ata2.00: disabled
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
program smartctl is using a deprecated SCSI ioctl, please convert it to SG_IO
ntfs3: Unknown parameter 'windows_names'
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468992 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 4 prio class 0
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468992 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 0, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468994 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 1, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468996 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 2, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468998 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 3, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 0 prio class 0
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1951695232 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1951695232 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 975613120, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1951695234 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 975613121, async page read
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1951695236 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 975613122, async page read
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 975613123, async page read
答案1
您的驱动器很可能已损坏：
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
ata2: softreset failed (device not ready)
ata2: reset failed, giving up
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468992 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 4 prio class 0
blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 468992 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Buffer I/O error on dev sda3, logical block 0, async page read
并且 smartctl 无法运行。
答案2
看来你的硬盘坏了。