![AWK - 处理 wmctrl 输出最后一列中的空格](https://linux22.com/image/200293/AWK%20-%20%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%20wmctrl%20%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%80%E5%88%97%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E7%A9%BA%E6%A0%BC.png)
作为第一个学习项目awk,我想重新格式化输出控制面板命令,在 Debian 11 中可以这样安装:
sudo apt install wmctrl
要列出有关我打开的所有窗口的信息,我运行以下命令:
wmctrl -lpG
示例输出:
0x0120002b 4 7 2 157 3836 2068 my-pc window - AWK - Dealing with spaces in the last column of output from wmctrl - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange — Firefox
我永远记不起上面命令中每一列的含义,因此我想使用 AWK 将其分成名称/值对:
wmctrl -lpG | awk '{print "----------------------\nWindow ID: " $1 "\nDesktop Number: " $2 "\nProcess ID: " $3 "\nx-offset: " $4 "\ny-offset: " $5 "\nwidth: " $6 "\nheight: " $7 "\nMachine Name: " $8 "\nWindow Title: " $9}'
示例输出:
----------------------
Window ID: 0x0120002b
Desktop Number: 4
Process ID: 7
x-offset: 2
y-offset: 134
width: 3836
height: 2068
Machine Name: my-pc
Window Title: window
期望的输出:
----------------------
Window ID: 0x0120002b
Desktop Number: 4
Process ID: 7
x-offset: 2
y-offset: 134
width: 3836
height: 2068
Machine Name: my-pc
Window Title: window - AWK - Dealing with spaces in the last column of output from wmctrl - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange — Firefox
但是,我无法弄清楚如何处理第九纵队输出wmctrl -lpG
(因为第 9 列包含空格)。请注意,我只得到第一个字窗口标题的而不是整个窗口标题。
有没有简单的方法可以解决这个问题?
答案1
wmctrl -lpG \
| awk '{
tmp=$0;
# remove first 8 fields from tmp
sub(/^[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ +[^ ]+ /,"",tmp);
print "----------------------\nWindow ID: " $1 "\nDesktop Number: " $2 "\nProcess ID: " $3 "\nx-offset: " $4 "\ny-offset: " $5 "\nwidth: " $6 "\nheight: " $7 "\nMachine Name: " $8 "\nWindow Title: " tmp
}'
输出:
----------------------
Window ID: 0x0120002b
Desktop Number: 4
Process ID: 7
x-offset: 2
y-offset: 157
width: 3836
height: 2068
Machine Name: sidekick
Window Title: window - AWK - Dealing with spaces in the last column of output from wmctrl - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange — Firefox
答案2
看起来 的输出wmctrl
是固定宽度字段,因此您可以使用 GNU awk for FIELDWIDTHS
.使用cat file
,因为我没有wmctrl
并保留您原来的打印声明:
$ wmctrl -lpG |
awk -v FIELDWIDTHS='10 3 2 7 7 7 5 6 *' '
{
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {
gsub(/^ +| +$/,"",$i)
}
print "----------------------\nWindow ID: " $1 "\nDesktop Number: " $2 "\nProcess ID: " $3 "\nx-offset: " $4 "\ny-offset: " $5 "\nwidth: " $6 "\nheight: " $7 "\nMachine Name: " $8 "\nWindow Title: " $9
}'
----------------------
Window ID: 0x0120002b
Desktop Number: 4
Process ID: 7
x-offset: 2
y-offset: 157
width: 3836
height: 2068
Machine Name: my-pc
Window Title: window - AWK - Dealing with spaces in the last column of output from wmctrl - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange — Firefox
或者,使用任何 awk:
$ wmctrl -lpG |
awk '
BEGIN {
OFS = ": "
numCols = split("Window ID:Desktop Number:Process ID:x-offset:y-offset:width:height:Machine Name:Window Title",hdr,/:/)
}
{
print "----------------------"
for (i=1; i<numCols; i++) {
print hdr[i], $i
}
sub("([^ ]+ +){"i-1"}","")
print hdr[i], $0
}
'
答案3
这是一种可能性:
$ wmctrl -lpG | awk '{
a="";
for(i=9; i<=NF; i++) {
a = a " " $i
};
print "----------------------\nWindow ID: " $1 "\nDesktop Number: " $2 "\nProcess ID: " $3 "\nx-offset: " $4 "\ny-offset: " $5 "\nwidth: " $6 "\nheight: " $7 "\nMachine Name: " $8 "\nWindow Title: " a }'
----------------------
Window ID: 0x04000007
Desktop Number: 0
Process ID: 18952
x-offset: 1367
y-offset: 102
width: 1600
height: 836
Machine Name: pc
Window Title: ~:bash—Konsole
...