☰

查找以 YYYY-MM-DD 命名的早于 X 天的目录并删除（如果存在）

tag-icon • tag-icon linux bash shell-script find
查找以 YYYY-MM-DD 命名的早于 X 天的目录并删除（如果存在）

我尝试创建一个 liner bash 脚本，该脚本X根据文件名查找并删除超过几天的目录，并且如果目录存在，代码可以完美运行。唯一的问题是，如果目录不存在，它会尝试删除它并出错：

find: ‘/var/www/html/resources/cache/2022-02-08’: No such file or directory

尽管我已将检查目录是否存在的条件放在 find 命令的结果中，然后将其删除。

find '/var/www/html/resources/cache/' -type d -name '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]' -exec sh -c 'd={}; [ "$(date -d "6 days ago" +%Y-%m-%d)" ">" "$(basename $d)" ] && [ -d $d ] && rm -rf $d' \;

假设我有以下目录位于/var/www/html/resources/cache

2022-02-08
2022-02-09
2022-02-10
2022-02-11
2022-02-12
2022-02-13
2022-02-14
2022-02-15

[ "$(date -d "6 days ago" +%Y-%m-%d)" ">" "$(basename $d)" ]检查文件名是否早于 6 天

[ -d $d ]检查它是否是一个目录

答案1

您可以使用xargs命令而不是-exec选项find。

find '/var/www/html/resources/cache/' -type d -name '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]' | xargs -I {} sh -c 'd={}; [ "$(date -d "6 days ago" +%Y-%m-%d)" ">" "$(basename $d)" ] && [ -d $d ] && rm -rf $d'

上面的代码块可以工作，但它可能会123作为值返回。 当任何重复命令出现错误时，xargs命令将返回。123因此，如果有一个目录名称不是六天前，就会发生错误。

find '/var/www/html/resources/cache/' -type d -name '[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]' | xargs -I {} sh -c 'd={}; if [ "$(date -d "6 days ago" +%Y-%m-%d)" ">" "$(basename $d)" ]; then [ -d $d ] && rm -rf $d; fi'

您可以用语句替换条件if来解决此问题。

答案2

您可以将六天前的日期转换为秒，将目录名称转换为秒，并执行直接数字比较。由于您只考虑最顶层的目录，因此您根本不需要find，只需使用标准循环遍历目录即可

ago=$(date --date "6 days ago" +%s)
for dir in /var/www/html/resources/cache/[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]
do
    [ -d "$dir" ] || continue

    this=$(date --date "${dir##*/}" +%s)
    [ $this -lt $ago ] && echo "DELETE $dir"
done

如果你真的想使用find，这个版本需要 GNUfind或其他可以理解的版本-maxdepth。 （如果你没有这样的，find有一些方法可以模拟-maxdepth。）

find /var/www/html/resources/cache -maxdepth 1 -name "[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9]" -exec sh -c '
    ago=$(date --date "6 days ago" +%s)
    for dir in "$@"
    do
        this=$(date --date "${dir##*/}" +%s)
        [ $this -lt $ago ] && echo "DELETE $dir"
    done
' _ {} +

两种方案的输出

DELETE /var/www/html/resources/cache/2022-02-08
DELETE /var/www/html/resources/cache/2022-02-09

准备好后，将语句更改echo为rm -rf您喜欢的任何内容。

答案3

测试带有时间戳的目录：

~] ls -alFh
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 ./
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 ../
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-08/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-09/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-10/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-11/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-12/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-13/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-14/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 11:01 2022-02-15/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-16/

查找中的正则表达式

要使用正则表达式查找目录，您可以使用：

~] find . -type d -regextype posix-extended -regex '\./2022-02-[01][12345890]'
./2022-02-13
./2022-02-09
./2022-02-14
./2022-02-08
./2022-02-11
./2022-02-12
./2022-02-10
./2022-02-15

find中的时间条件

查找中的时间条件 - 最好的方法是使用-newerXY

-newerXY reference

Compares the timestamp of the current file with reference.  The reference argument is normally the name of a file (and one of its timestamps is used for the comparison) but it may also be a string describing an absolute time.

X and Y are placeholders for other letters, and these letters select which time belonging to how reference is used for the comparison.

              a   The access time of the file reference
              B   The birth time of the file reference
              c   The inode status change time of reference
              m   The modification time of the file reference
              t   reference is interpreted directly as a time

Some combinations are invalid; for example, it is invalid for X to be t.  Some combinations are not implemented on all systems; for example B is not supported on all systems.  If an invalid or unsupported combination of XY is specified, a fatal error results.  Time specifications are interpreted as for the argument to the -d option of GNU date.  

If you try to use the birth time of a reference file, and the birth  time  cannot  be determined, a fatal error message results.  If you specify a test which refers to the birth time of files being examined, this test will fail for any files where the birth time is unknown.

例子：

~] find . -type d -regextype posix-extended -regex '\./2022-02-[01][12345890]' ! -newermt "2022-02-15 10:52:00" -print 
./2022-02-13
./2022-02-09
./2022-02-14
./2022-02-08
./2022-02-11
./2022-02-12
./2022-02-10

删除目录

~] find . -type d -regextype posix-extended -regex '\./2022-02-[01][12345890]' ! -newermt "2022-02-15 10:52:00" -exec rm -r {} \;
find: ‘./2022-02-13’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-09’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-14’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-08’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-11’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-12’: No such file or directory
find: ‘./2022-02-10’: No such file or directory

~] ls -alFh
total 16K
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Feb 15 11:13 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 ../
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 11:01 2022-02-15/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Feb 15 10:51 2022-02-16/

相关内容