在过去的三天里，我已经就这个问题进行了一系列故障排除。以下是我迄今为止所做的测试和观察：
- 我的服务器的互联网连接不断断开（参见下面的 ping）
- 服务器具有静态地址，并且该地址超出路由器的 DCHP 范围
- 调制解调器是用于桥接模式的调制解调器/路由器。 （现已恢复出厂设置3次）
- 我尝试了 3 个不同的路由器 = 相同的结果 50% 丢包
- 我尝试了两个不同的物理接口 = 相同的 50% 丢包率
- 我尝试了 3 种不同的以太网电缆 = 相同的 50% 数据包丢失
- 我同时停止了服务器上的许多进程（请参阅下面的列表）
- 我禁用了防火墙
- 我的 LAN 上从客户端到服务器的连接始终是 100% 数据包已接收
- 将服务器直接连接到调制解调器，在 ping 8.8.8.8 时未显示数据包丢失
- 当互联网连接失败时，dmesg 或journalctl 中没有发现任何异常
- 连接我的笔记本电脑而不是服务器中的以太网电缆会导致笔记本电脑在 ping 8.8.8.8 时不会丢失数据包
- 从 USB 驱动器启动 Arch Linux 不会给我带来任何互联网问题。
我当时认为这一定是与软件相关的问题。但现在我被困住了。这是我的ping 结果。每次我在下面列出的不同环境下运行它时，它基本上都是相同的。
➜ ~ ping 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=119 time=14.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=119 time=13.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=119 time=14.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=5 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=6 ttl=119 time=14.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=7 ttl=119 time=15.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=8 ttl=119 time=15.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=9 ttl=119 time=2052 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=10 ttl=119 time=1024 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=11 ttl=119 time=16.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=12 ttl=119 time=22.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=13 ttl=119 time=19.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=14 ttl=119 time=23.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=15 ttl=119 time=12.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=16 ttl=119 time=18.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=17 ttl=119 time=26.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=18 ttl=119 time=18.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=31 ttl=119 time=24.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=32 ttl=119 time=13.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=33 ttl=119 time=19.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=34 ttl=119 time=15.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=35 ttl=119 time=15.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=36 ttl=119 time=14.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=37 ttl=119 time=12.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=38 ttl=119 time=14.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=39 ttl=119 time=14.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=40 ttl=119 time=16.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=41 ttl=119 time=15.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=42 ttl=119 time=15.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=43 ttl=119 time=33.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=44 ttl=119 time=21.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=45 ttl=119 time=19.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=46 ttl=119 time=15.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=47 ttl=119 time=30.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=48 ttl=119 time=15.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=49 ttl=119 time=14.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=50 ttl=119 time=12.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=51 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=52 ttl=119 time=14.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=53 ttl=119 time=15.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=54 ttl=119 time=14.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=55 ttl=119 time=15.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=56 ttl=119 time=20.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=57 ttl=119 time=13.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=58 ttl=119 time=15.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=59 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=60 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=61 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=62 ttl=119 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=63 ttl=119 time=14.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=64 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=65 ttl=119 time=16.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=66 ttl=119 time=14.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=85 ttl=119 time=2080 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=86 ttl=119 time=1056 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=87 ttl=119 time=32.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=88 ttl=119 time=22.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=89 ttl=119 time=15.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=90 ttl=119 time=12.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=91 ttl=119 time=14.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=92 ttl=119 time=15.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=93 ttl=119 time=15.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=94 ttl=119 time=17.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=95 ttl=119 time=15.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=117 ttl=119 time=16.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=118 ttl=119 time=13.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=119 ttl=119 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=120 ttl=119 time=11.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=121 ttl=119 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=122 ttl=119 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=123 ttl=119 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=124 ttl=119 time=27.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=149 ttl=119 time=960 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=150 ttl=119 time=14.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=151 ttl=119 time=15.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=152 ttl=119 time=15.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=153 ttl=119 time=26.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=154 ttl=119 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=155 ttl=119 time=15.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=156 ttl=119 time=15.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=157 ttl=119 time=16.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=164 ttl=119 time=14.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=165 ttl=119 time=15.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=166 ttl=119 time=21.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=167 ttl=119 time=14.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=168 ttl=119 time=15.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=169 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=170 ttl=119 time=14.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=171 ttl=119 time=15.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=172 ttl=119 time=20.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=173 ttl=119 time=16.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=174 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=175 ttl=119 time=14.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=176 ttl=119 time=17.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=177 ttl=119 time=16.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=178 ttl=119 time=21.3 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=179 ttl=119 time=14.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=180 ttl=119 time=17.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=181 ttl=119 time=13.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=182 ttl=119 time=23.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=183 ttl=119 time=15.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=184 ttl=119 time=14.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=185 ttl=119 time=20.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=186 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=187 ttl=119 time=12.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=188 ttl=119 time=15.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=189 ttl=119 time=14.8 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=190 ttl=119 time=16.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=191 ttl=119 time=14.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=195 ttl=119 time=320 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=196 ttl=119 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=197 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=198 ttl=119 time=15.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=199 ttl=119 time=15.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=200 ttl=119 time=13.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=201 ttl=119 time=17.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=202 ttl=119 time=15.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=203 ttl=119 time=13.2 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=225 ttl=119 time=1056 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=226 ttl=119 time=32.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=227 ttl=119 time=15.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=228 ttl=119 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=229 ttl=119 time=15.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=230 ttl=119 time=21.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=231 ttl=119 time=16.9 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=232 ttl=119 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=233 ttl=119 time=14.5 ms
^C
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
248 packets transmitted, 128 received, 48.3871% packet loss, time 1216ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 11.806/82.526/2080.231/306.259 ms, pipe 3
两个traceroute背靠背执行
➜ ~ traceroute 8.8.8.8
traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 My WAN IP.mc.videotron.ca (My WAN IP) 19.047 ms 10.699 ms 19.035 ms
3 10.170.183.146 (10.170.183.146) 20.538 ms 21.036 ms 21.203 ms
4 72.14.205.46 (72.14.205.46) 20.269 ms 20.188 ms 20.189 ms
5 108.170.251.17 (108.170.251.17) 20.355 ms 108.170.251.33 (108.170.251.33) 20.149 ms 108.170.251.17 (108.170.251.17) 20.134 ms
6 108.170.231.63 (108.170.231.63) 21.359 ms 108.170.231.61 (108.170.231.61) 16.538 ms 108.170.231.63 (108.170.231.63) 16.186 ms
7 dns.google (8.8.8.8) 16.761 ms 15.483 ms 15.866 ms
➜ ~ traceroute 8.8.8.8
traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 * * *
6 * * *
7 * * *
8 * * *
9 * * *
10 * * *
11 * * *
12 * * *
13 * * *
14 * * *
15 * * *
16 * * *
17 * * *
18 * * *
19 * * *
20 * * *
21 * * *
22 * * *
23 * * *
24 * * *
25 * * *
26 * * *
27 * * dns.google (8.8.8.8)
/etc/网络/接口
➜ ~ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
#source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
# The loopback network interface
#auto lo
#iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
#allow-hotplug enx00e04c6802a2
auto lo br0
iface lo inet loopback
auto enp5s0
iface enp5s0 inet manual
iface br0 inet static
address 192.168.3.104
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.3.1
bridge_ports enp5s0
bridge_stp off
bridge_fd 0
bridge_maxwait 0
post-up iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.up.rules
感谢您的帮助
编辑1
➜ ~ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp5s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 70:85:c2:da:2a:87 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 70:85:c2:da:2a:87 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: wg0: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1420 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/none
➜ ~ ip -br address
lo UNKNOWN 127.0.0.1/8 ::1/128
enp5s0 UP
br0 UP 192.168.3.104/24 fe80::7285:c2ff:feda:2a87/64
wg0 UNKNOWN 192.168.3.1/24
➜ ~ ip route;
default via 192.168.3.1 dev br0 onlink
103.83.20.3 dev wg0 scope link
103.83.20.4 dev wg0 scope link
169.254.0.0/16 dev br0 scope link metric 1000
192.168.3.0/24 dev br0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.104
192.168.3.0/24 dev wg0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.1
➜ ~ ip neigh
192.168.3.126 dev br0 lladdr 04:6c:59:f6:a0:3b REACHABLE
192.168.3.164 dev br0 lladdr be:95:3a:fc:bf:03 STALE
[PUBLIC IP] dev br0 lladdr c4:04:15:10:b1:bd STALE
192.168.3.127 dev br0 lladdr 4c:3b:df:7f:c6:03 STALE
192.168.3.1 dev br0 lladdr c4:04:15:10:b1:bd REACHABLE
192.168.3.125 dev br0 lladdr 0c:c4:13:18:a4:c5 STALE
192.168.3.144 dev br0 lladdr b8:27:eb:28:4a:98 REACHABLE
➜ ~ ip rule
0: from all lookup local
32766: from all lookup main
32767: from all lookup default
编辑2 @AB是对的。我忘了提及我一直在运行 VPN 服务器（Wireguard），这确实是问题所在。
答案1
我最终禁用了 Wireguard 服务器，systemctl disable wg-quick@wg0 && systemctl stop wg-quick@wg0直到我花时间调查它出了什么问题，它成功了。