我使用 kvm 和 qemu 以及 ovmf 来设置虚拟机。当我将其配置为在 UEFI 上启动时，它会运行到 UEFI shell。
我的虚拟机 xml 如下：
<domain type="kvm">
<name>win7-2</name>
<uuid>5efd80f4-498c-4e07-b607-bc6b0b360142</uuid>
<metadata>
<libosinfo:libosinfo xmlns:libosinfo="http://libosinfo.org/xmlns/libvirt/domain/1.0">
<libosinfo:os id="http://microsoft.com/win/7"/>
</libosinfo:libosinfo>
</metadata>
<memory unit="KiB">4194304</memory>
<currentMemory unit="KiB">4194304</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement="static">2</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch="x86_64" machine="pc-q35-5.2">hvm</type>
<loader readonly="yes" type="pflash">/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd</loader>
<nvram>/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/win7-2_VARS.fd</nvram>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<vmport state="off"/>
</features>
<cpu mode="host-model" check="partial"/>
<clock offset="localtime">
<timer name="rtc" tickpolicy="catchup"/>
<timer name="pit" tickpolicy="delay"/>
<timer name="hpet" present="no"/>
<timer name="hypervclock" present="yes"/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled="no"/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled="no"/>
</pm>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
<disk type="file" device="disk">
<driver name="qemu" type="qcow2"/>
<source file="/home/bbyqqe/Documents/win7-2.qcow2"/>
<target dev="sda" bus="sata"/>
<boot order="2"/>
<address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="0"/>
</disk>
<disk type="file" device="cdrom">
<driver name="qemu" type="raw"/>
<source file="/home/bbyqqe/Documents/cn_windows_7_enterprise_with_sp1_x64_dvd_u_677685.iso"/>
<target dev="sdb" bus="sata"/>
<readonly/>
<boot order="1"/>
<address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="1"/>
</disk>
<disk type="file" device="cdrom">
<driver name="qemu" type="raw"/>
<source file="/home/bbyqqe/Documents/virtio-win-0.1.217.iso"/>
<target dev="sdc" bus="sata"/>
<readonly/>
<address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="2"/>
</disk>
<controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-ehci1">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1d" function="0x7"/>
</controller>
<controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci1">
<master startport="0"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1d" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
</controller>
<controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci2">
<master startport="2"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1d" function="0x1"/>
</controller>
<controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci3">
<master startport="4"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1d" function="0x2"/>
</controller>
<controller type="sata" index="0">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1f" function="0x2"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="0" model="pcie-root"/>
<controller type="pci" index="1" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="1" port="0x10"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="2" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="2" port="0x11"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x1"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="3" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="3" port="0x12"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x2"/>
</controller>
<controller type="pci" index="4" model="pcie-root-port">
<model name="pcie-root-port"/>
<target chassis="4" port="0x13"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x3"/>
</controller>
<controller type="virtio-serial" index="0">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x02" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</controller>
<interface type="bridge">
<mac address="52:54:00:18:58:a5"/>
<source bridge="br0"/>
<model type="virtio"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x01" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</interface>
<serial type="pty">
<target type="isa-serial" port="0">
<model name="isa-serial"/>
</target>
</serial>
<console type="pty">
<target type="serial" port="0"/>
</console>
<channel type="spicevmc">
<target type="virtio" name="com.redhat.spice.0"/>
<address type="virtio-serial" controller="0" bus="0" port="1"/>
</channel>
<input type="tablet" bus="usb">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="1"/>
</input>
<input type="mouse" bus="ps2"/>
<input type="keyboard" bus="ps2"/>
<graphics type="spice" autoport="yes">
<listen type="address"/>
<image compression="off"/>
</graphics>
<sound model="ich9">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1b" function="0x0"/>
</sound>
<video>
<model type="qxl" ram="65536" vram="65536" vgamem="16384" heads="1" primary="yes"/>
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x01" function="0x0"/>
</video>
<redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="2"/>
</redirdev>
<redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
<address type="usb" bus="0" port="3"/>
</redirdev>
<memballoon model="virtio">
<address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x03" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>
我将 ovmf 设置为
我安装了 OVMF
/usr/share/OVMF
当指南显示
/usr/share/ovmf/x64
我不知道是否有关系。我还有 /usr/share/ovmf 但其中还有其他文件。我设置/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
为
nvram = [
"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE.fd:/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS.fd",
"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE.ms.fd:/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS.ms.fd",
"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd:/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd",
"/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.ms.fd:/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.ms.fd",
]
因为我没有 bin 但有 fd 文件。
我的系统是 debian 11 amd64，安装在 msi B550 的 5700G 上，在 UEFI 上启动。我可以在 BIOS 启动时正常设置 win7 VM。
答案1
要获得 Ubuntu 22 并使用 TPM 和 secureboot 运行，设置固件UEFI x86_64: /usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.ms.fd并添加 TPM 设备对我来说很有效。然后，这允许操作系统通过安装介质启动并检测安全启动功能。也在 Windows 11 上进行了测试，但需要快速按任意键Press any key to boot from CD or DVD...，否则您将进入 UEFI 启动管理器提示符，您可以在其中键入exit并按 Enter。然后，您将能够选择启动 Windows 安装的选项Boot Manager。DVD-ROM
