在 debian11 上引导至 Xen(initrd 问题)

在 debian11 上引导至 Xen(initrd 问题)
Linux xd 5.10.0-16-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.127-1 (2022-06-30) x86_64 GNU/Linux

编辑2022-07-20

这个问题时有发生,目前,当 Xen 启动登陆 initramfs 时,我遇到了很多麻烦,请帮忙。

wiki 建议安装拇指驱动器或根目录( mount -o remount,rw/root )。

显然没有磁盘可见。完整的配置文件和dmesg等可以在Xen列表中找到,请:

https://lists.xenproject.org/archives/html/xen-users/2022-07/threads.html#00041

https://lists.xenproject.org/archives/html/xen-users/2022-07/msg00057.html

在我的 debian11 上,我安装了xen-hypervisor-4.14-amd64xen-hypervisor-commonxen-system-amd64xen-utils-4.14

但我无法启动 Xen,请帮忙。

理论上,安装Xen后,根据https://wiki.debian.org/Xen,我应该只运行:

dpkg-divert --divert /etc/grub.d/08_linux_xen --rename /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen

update-grub

不幸的是,引导中断和 grub 邮件列表在去年 3 月至 4 月期间对此进行了非常深入的争论 - 显然 multiboot2 不会解决这个问题:

https://www.mail-archive.com/[电子邮件受保护]/msg32020.html

显然所有问题都出在initrd。安装 Xen 后我需要重建吗initrd?我该怎么做?

我需要一些帮助,请。这还没有定论吗?是否有我可以使用的解决方法(在 Xen 上部分启动并在提示符下手动加载 Xen 工作所需的其余部分)?我应该如何进行?我将尝试在 grub、debian xen 软件包和 Xen 上将其注册为请求/错误 - 关于操作还有更多想法吗?

grub 邮件列表上的讨论指出了这一点:

https://wiki.debian.org/DebianInstaller/NetbootFirmware#The_Solution:_Add_Firmware_to_Initramfs

这看起来非常复杂且危险……这是前进的方向吗?

请问有人修补过 grub2 以便能够支持 Xen 所需的功能吗?

注意:我使用的是纯 Xen,而不是 Eve。

/etc/default/grub文件内容:

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

/boot/grub/grub.cfg文件内容:

#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
  set have_grubenv=true
  load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
   set default="${next_entry}"
   set next_entry=
   save_env next_entry
   set boot_once=true
else
   set default="Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen hypervisor"
fi

if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
  menuentry_id_option=""
fi

export menuentry_id_option

if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
  set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
  save_env saved_entry
  set prev_saved_entry=
  save_env prev_saved_entry
  set boot_once=true
fi

function savedefault {
  if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
    saved_entry="${chosen}"
    save_env saved_entry
  fi
}
function load_video {
  if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
    insmod all_video
  else
    insmod efi_gop
    insmod efi_uga
    insmod ieee1275_fb
    insmod vbe
    insmod vga
    insmod video_bochs
    insmod video_cirrus
  fi
}

if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
   font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
else
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
fi
    font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi

if loadfont $font ; then
  set gfxmode=auto
  load_video
  insmod gfxterm
  set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
  set lang=en_GB
  insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
  set timeout=30
else
  if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
    set timeout_style=menu
    set timeout=5
  # Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
  # unavailable.
  else
    set timeout=5
  fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
else
  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
fi
insmod png
if background_image /usr/share/desktop-base/homeworld-theme/grub/grub-4x3.png; then
  set color_normal=white/black
  set color_highlight=black/white
else
  set menu_color_normal=cyan/blue
  set menu_color_highlight=white/blue
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/08_linux_xen ###
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen hypervisor' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen $menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-simple-0123abcd' {
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
    fi
    echo    'Loading Xen 4.14-amd64 ...'
        if [ "$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "$grub_platform" = "" ]; then
            xen_rm_opts=
        else
            xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off"
        fi
    multiboot2  /xen-4.14-amd64.gz placeholder   ${xen_rm_opts}
    echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
    module2 /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=0123abcd ro  quiet
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    module2 --nounzip   /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Debian GNU/Linux (with Xen hypervisor)' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-0123abcd' {
    submenu 'Xen hypervisor, version 4.14-amd64' $menuentry_id_option 'xen-hypervisor-4.14-amd64-0123abcd' {
        menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.14-amd64 and Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen $menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-advanced-0123abcd' {
            insmod part_gpt
            insmod ext2
            if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
            else
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
            fi
            echo    'Loading Xen 4.14-amd64 ...'
                if [ "$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "$grub_platform" = "" ]; then
                    xen_rm_opts=
                else
                    xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off"
                fi
            multiboot2  /xen-4.14-amd64.gz placeholder   ${xen_rm_opts}
            echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
            module2 /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=0123abcd ro  quiet
            echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
            module2 --nounzip   /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
        }
        menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.14-amd64 and Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen $menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-recovery-0123abcd' {
            insmod part_gpt
            insmod ext2
            if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
            else
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
            fi
            echo    'Loading Xen 4.14-amd64 ...'
                if [ "$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "$grub_platform" = "" ]; then
                    xen_rm_opts=
                else
                    xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off"
                fi
            multiboot2  /xen-4.14-amd64.gz placeholder  ${xen_rm_opts}
            echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
            module2 /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=0123abcd ro single 
            echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
            module2 --nounzip   /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
        }
    }
    submenu 'Xen hypervisor, version 4.14-amd64.efi' $menuentry_id_option 'xen-hypervisor-4.14-amd64.efi-0123abcd' {
        menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.14-amd64.efi and Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen $menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-advanced-0123abcd' {
            insmod part_gpt
            insmod ext2
            if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
            else
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
            fi
            echo    'Loading Xen 4.14-amd64.efi ...'
                if [ "$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "$grub_platform" = "" ]; then
                    xen_rm_opts=
                else
                    xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off"
                fi
            multiboot2  /xen-4.14-amd64.efi placeholder   ${xen_rm_opts}
            echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
            module2 /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=0123abcd ro  quiet
            echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
            module2 --nounzip   /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
        }
        menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Xen 4.14-amd64.efi and Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --class xen $menuentry_id_option 'xen-gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-recovery-0123abcd' {
            insmod part_gpt
            insmod ext2
            if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
            else
              search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
            fi
            echo    'Loading Xen 4.14-amd64.efi ...'
                if [ "$grub_platform" = "pc" -o "$grub_platform" = "" ]; then
                    xen_rm_opts=
                else
                    xen_rm_opts="no-real-mode edd=off"
                fi
            multiboot2  /xen-4.14-amd64.efi placeholder  ${xen_rm_opts}
            echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
            module2 /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 placeholder root=UUID=0123abcd ro single 
            echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
            module2 --nounzip   /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
        }
    }
}

### END /etc/grub.d/08_linux_xen ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
    set gfxpayload="${1}"
}
set linux_gfx_mode=
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-0123abcd' {
    load_video
    insmod gzio
    if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
    insmod part_gpt
    insmod ext2
    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
    else
      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
    fi
    echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
    linux   /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 root=UUID=0123abcd ro  quiet
    echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
    initrd  /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Debian GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-0123abcd' {
    menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-advanced-0123abcd' {
        load_video
        insmod gzio
        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod ext2
        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
        else
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
        fi
        echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
        linux   /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 root=UUID=0123abcd ro  quiet
        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
        initrd  /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
    }
    menuentry 'Debian GNU/Linux, with Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class debian --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.10.0-16-amd64-recovery-0123abcd' {
        load_video
        insmod gzio
        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
        insmod part_gpt
        insmod ext2
        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  0123abcd
        else
          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 0123abcd
        fi
        echo    'Loading Linux 5.10.0-16-amd64 ...'
        linux   /vmlinuz-5.10.0-16-amd64 root=UUID=0123abcd ro single 
        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
        initrd  /initrd.img-5.10.0-16-amd64
    }
}

### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
    fwsetup
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f  ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
  source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f  $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
  source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

答案1

不幸的是 Xen 与该硬件不兼容。

为了可追溯性,这在 xen-devel 上进行了讨论:

https://xen.markmail.org/message/7jgv47pk5rsea4ef?q=+list:com%2Exensource%2Elists%2Exen-devel&page=6

该固件具有比 16 位更宽的段号,并且在启动期间 NVME 会对其进行调用,这是根本问题。

Xen 尚不兼容此类硬件。

正如 xen-devel 上的报道,一个好的灵魂总是有可能实现这个新功能(也许是一个新的超级调用 sun 函数)。或者所有硬件的发展足以让他们实现。

我将遵循人们的建议并迁移到带有 Quemu 的 KVM,因为不幸的是 Xen 与该硬件不兼容。

我还向 Acer 询问了 16 但 PCI 固件更新:

https://community.acer.com/en/discussion/669340/acer-aspire-5-a517-52g-firmware-w-16-bit-pci-segment-size/p1?new=1

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