我在更新 Artix（基于 Arch）Linux 时遇到问题。
我使用这些命令来获取最新的镜像列表并启动 pacman：
% sudo pacman -U ./artix-mirrorlist-20221209-1-any.pkg.tar.zst
% sudo mv /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
% sudo pacman -Sy --needed archlinux-keyring
% sudo pacman -Syyu
这在过去总是成功的，但在过去的几个月里，这是我得到的输出：
100 100k 100 100k 0 0 401k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 402k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 471k 100 471k 0 0 1366k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 1370k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 40781 100 40781 0 0 188k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 188k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 119k 100 119k 0 0 447k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 449k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 3975k 100 3975k 0 0 803k 0 0:00:04 0:00:04 --:--:-- 649k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
....
这样的情况持续了很长一段时间。
然后这就是我的要求：
100 3040k 100 3040k 0 0 4355k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 4355k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 52477 100 52477 0 0 249k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 251k
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 237k 100 237k 0 0 817k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 819k
Total ( 0/1193) 1969.9 MiB 482 KiB/s 69:44 [----------------------------------------------------------------------------] 100%
(1193/1193) checking keys in keyring [----------------------------------------------------------------------------] 100%
(1193/1193) checking package integrity [----------------------------------------------------------------------------] 100%
error: archlinux-keyring: signature from "Dudemanguy <[email protected]>" is unknown trust
:: File /var/cache/pacman/pkg/archlinux-keyring-20220927-1.1-any.pkg.tar.zst is corrupted (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
Do you want to delete it? [Y/n] Y
error: coin: signature from "Alexander F. Rødseth <[email protected]>" is marginal trust
:: File /var/cache/pacman/pkg/coin-4.0.0.04c190-4-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst is corrupted (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
Do you want to delete it? [Y/n] n
error: med-openmpi: signature from "Alexander F. Rødseth <[email protected]>" is marginal trust
:: File /var/cache/pacman/pkg/med-openmpi-4.1.1-2-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst is corrupted (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
Do you want to delete it? [Y/n] n
error: python-pivy: signature from "Alexander F. Rødseth <[email protected]>" is marginal trust
:: File /var/cache/pacman/pkg/python-pivy-0.6.8-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst is corrupted (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
Do you want to delete it? [Y/n] n
error: libreoffice-fresh: signature from "Dudemanguy <[email protected]>" is unknown trust
:: File /var/cache/pacman/pkg/libreoffice-fresh-7.4.1-3-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst is corrupted (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
Do you want to delete it? [Y/n] n
error: failed to commit transaction (invalid or corrupted package)
Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.
我尝试对这些问题给出不同的答案，但结果总是相同的。
我究竟做错了什么？
答案1
您的密钥环已过时，没有它，包裹将无法验证。一般来说，在升级之前，请确保您首先获得最新的 archlinux-keyring：
% sudo pacman -Sy --needed archlinux-keyring
% sudo pacman -Su
始终立即运行一个，以避免部分升级。
您也可以以pacman-key --refresh-keyroot 身份执行此操作，但密钥服务器往往比安装最新archlinux-keyring软件包更容易出错。