当我尝试启动 postfix 时，出现以下错误：
/usr/sbin/postconf: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such...r directory
/usr/bin/newaliases: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No suc...r directory
/usr/sbin/postfix: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No suc...r directory
在我安装 mysql 之前，Postfix 可以正常工作。我不确定为什么 mysql 与 Postfix 错误有关。
当我运行find . -name 'libmysqlclient*'命令时，我得到以下信息：
./usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.21
./usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.21.2.30
# ls -al /usr/lib64/mysql
total 7520
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 109 Sep 29 13:47 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 49 root root 28672 Sep 29 13:49 ..
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Sep 28 21:53 libmysqlclient.so.21 -> libmysqlclient.so.21.2.30
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7651120 Jul 6 17:53 libmysqlclient.so.21.2.30
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 28 Sep 28 21:53 mecab
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 28 21:53 plugin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 131 Sep 28 21:53 private
没有安装 18 版本，我很困惑为什么它要寻找 18 而不是 21。
我有帮助的更多信息：
mysql-community-server-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64
#which mysql: /bin/mysql/mysql
#mysql -V: Ver 8.0.30 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
#mysqld -V: /usr/sbin/mysqld Ver 8.0.30 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
#php -v PHP 8.0.20 (cli)
#systemctl status mysqld: Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-09-30 23:27:02 CDT; 3 days ago
# rpm -qa postfix: postfix-2.10.1-6.amzn2.0.3.x86_64
AWS Linux 2 Server
谁能帮我这个？我在这里检查了与我的问题类似的其他帖子，但是，我无法找到与我的情况足够接近的解决方案，我可以尝试。
最后，我还运行了这个命令，它输出了大量信息，这就是我将其保存在本文末尾的原因：
# repoquery --whatprovides *libmysqlclient*
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.18-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.11-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.11-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.27-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.15-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.17-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.5-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.30-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.24-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.26-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.26-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.17-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.21-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.13-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.16-2.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.60-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.16-2.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.16-2.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.22-1.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.56-2.amzn2.0.2.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.26-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.30-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.19-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.13-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.12-1.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.62-1.amzn2.0.1.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.15-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.12-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.2.4-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.23-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.62-1.amzn2.0.1.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.16-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.21-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.30-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.23-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.14-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.56-2.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.22-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.20-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.amzn2.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.25-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.56-2.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.16-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.14-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.12-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.6-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.7-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.25-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.amzn2.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.11-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.68-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.56-2.amzn2.0.2.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.28-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.62-1.amzn2.0.1.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.18-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.19-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.19-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.28-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.64-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.2.5-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.21-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.11-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.4-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.2.3-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-devel-1:5.5.64-1.amzn2.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.23-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.3-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.25-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.20-1.el7.i686
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.64-1.amzn2.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.14-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.27-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.22-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.6-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:6.3.8-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.24-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.16-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.17-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.22-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.28-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.27-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.18-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.15-1.el7.i686
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.19-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.20-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.24-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.14-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.13-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.24-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-compat-0:8.0.27-1.el7.i686
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.13-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-1:5.5.56-2.amzn2.0.2.x86_64
mysql-workbench-community-0:8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-0:8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-0:8.0.16-1.el7.x86_64
答案1
更新并修复：
经过几个小时的尝试找出这个特定问题后，我最终决定尝试删除 postfix 并重新安装它。好消息是它有效并帮助找到了丢失的包裹。
这是我运行的命令：
#yum remove postifix
#yum clean all
#yum install postfix
现在这是安装输出：
# yum install postfix
Loaded plugins: extras_suggestions, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
amzn2-core | 3.7 kB 00:00:00
amzn2extra-docker | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
amzn2extra-epel | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
amzn2extra-kernel-5.10 | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
amzn2extra-nginx1 | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
amzn2extra-php8.0 | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
epel/x86_64/metalink | 22 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/19): amzn2-core/2/x86_64/group_gz | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
(2/19): amzn2-core/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 498 kB 00:00:00
(3/19): amzn2extra-epel/2/x86_64/primary_db | 1.8 kB 00:00:00
(4/19): amzn2extra-kernel-5.10/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 18 kB 00:00:00
(5/19): amzn2extra-docker/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 6.4 kB 00:00:00
(6/19): amzn2extra-epel/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 76 B 00:00:00
(7/19): amzn2extra-nginx1/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 76 B 00:00:00
(8/19): amzn2extra-docker/2/x86_64/primary_db | 93 kB 00:00:00
(9/19): amzn2extra-nginx1/2/x86_64/primary_db | 48 kB 00:00:00
(10/19): amzn2extra-php8.0/2/x86_64/updateinfo | 76 B 00:00:00
(11/19): amzn2extra-php8.0/2/x86_64/primary_db | 181 kB 00:00:00
(12/19): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 97 kB 00:00:00
(13/19): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.1 MB 00:00:00
(14/19): amzn2extra-kernel-5.10/2/x86_64/primary_db | 11 MB 00:00:00
(15/19): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:00
(16/19): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 90 kB 00:00:00
(17/19): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 87 kB 00:00:00
(18/19): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 211 kB 00:00:00
(19/19): amzn2-core/2/x86_64/primary_db | 65 MB 00:00:01
293 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.amzn2.0.3 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.amzn2.0.3.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.amzn2.0.3.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.30-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.amzn2.0.3 amzn2-core 2.4 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 8.0.30-1.el7 mysql80-community 670 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
正如您在这里所看到的，我的案例中丢失的包裹是mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.30-1.el7.x86_64.
现在我得到以下信息：
# ls -al /usr/lib64/mysql
total 10984
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 233 Oct 4 12:41 .
dr-xr-xr-x. 49 root root 28672 Sep 29 13:49 ..
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 Oct 4 12:41 libmysqlclient_r.so.18 -> libmysqlclient.so.18
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 Oct 4 12:41 libmysqlclient_r.so.18.1.0 -> libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 Oct 4 12:41 libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3546456 Jul 6 17:53 libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Sep 28 21:53 libmysqlclient.so.21 -> libmysqlclient.so.21.2.30
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7651120 Jul 6 17:53 libmysqlclient.so.21.2.30
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 28 Sep 28 21:53 mecab
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 28 21:53 plugin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 131 Sep 28 21:53 private
最后，我运行了以下命令：
//Start Postfix
#systemctl start postfix
//Enable the service so it will start on its own after reboot
#systemctl enable postfix
//Check to ensure it is running with no errors
#systemctl status postfix
//The key portion of the output that I was looking for
Active: active (running)
最后，对其进行测试以确保其正常工作。这当然是在根据我的需要配置 Postfix 之后！
echo "Subject: My Test Email #1" | /usr/sbin/sendmail [email protected]
电子邮件已收到！ :)
希望这能帮助其他有类似情况的人！