我已经阅读了很多关于此的研究，但我仍然在努力使用 udev 规则配置 usbtmc 设备。我正在 Raspberry Pi OS 5.15 上运行测试。我的 udev 规则/etc/udev/rules.d/99-usbtmc.rules是：
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="F4EC", ATTRS{idProduct}=="EE3A", GROUP="usbtmc", MODE="0660"
设备权限错误：
$ ls -l /dev/usbtmc0
crw------- 1 root root 180, 176 Nov 7 17:38 /dev/usbtmc0
这是输出udevadm info：
$ udevadm info -a /dev/usbtmc0
Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0/usbmisc/usbtmc0':
KERNEL=="usbtmc0"
SUBSYSTEM=="usbmisc"
DRIVER==""
ATTR{power/control}=="auto"
ATTR{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
ATTR{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
ATTR{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0':
KERNELS=="1-1.1:1.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usbtmc"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="fe"
ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="03"
ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="03"
ATTRS{device_capabilities}=="0"
ATTRS{interface_capabilities}=="0"
ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="0"
ATTRS{usb488_device_capabilities}=="15"
ATTRS{usb488_interface_capabilities}=="7"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1':
KERNELS=="1-1.1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="2mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0200"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="c0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="3"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1.1"
ATTRS{devspec}=="(null)"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="ee3a"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="f4ec"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Siglent Technologies Co,. Ltd."
ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
ATTRS{power/active_duration}=="803000"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend}=="2"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend_delay_ms}=="2000"
ATTRS{power/connected_duration}=="803000"
ATTRS{power/control}=="on"
ATTRS{power/level}=="on"
ATTRS{power/persist}=="1"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="802770"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="active"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
ATTRS{product}=="2569-MSO"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{serial}=="499A20103"
ATTRS{speed}=="12"
ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="30"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1':
KERNELS=="1-1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0421"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="2"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1"
ATTRS{devspec}=="(null)"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="3431"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="2109"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="4"
ATTRS{power/active_duration}=="803590"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend}=="0"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend_delay_ms}=="0"
ATTRS{power/connected_duration}=="803590"
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/level}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="803254"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="active"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
ATTRS{product}=="USB2.0 Hub"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="1165"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.10"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1':
KERNELS=="usb1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="0mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0515"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
ATTRS{interface_authorized_default}=="1"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 5.15.74-v7l+ xhci-hcd"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="1"
ATTRS{power/active_duration}=="803760"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend}=="0"
ATTRS{power/autosuspend_delay_ms}=="0"
ATTRS{power/connected_duration}=="803760"
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/level}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="803751"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="active"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
ATTRS{product}=="xHCI Host Controller"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{serial}=="0000:01:00.0"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="27"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0':
KERNELS=="0000:01:00.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
DRIVERS=="xhci_hcd"
ATTRS{ari_enabled}=="0"
ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
ATTRS{class}=="0x0c0330"
ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="64"
ATTRS{current_link_speed}=="5.0 GT/s PCIe"
ATTRS{current_link_width}=="1"
ATTRS{device}=="0x3483"
ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="64"
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
ATTRS{enable}=="1"
ATTRS{irq}=="78"
ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-3"
ATTRS{local_cpus}=="f"
ATTRS{max_link_speed}=="5.0 GT/s PCIe"
ATTRS{max_link_width}=="1"
ATTRS{msi_bus}=="1"
ATTRS{msi_irqs/78}=="msi"
ATTRS{power/control}=="on"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="803915"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="active"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power_state}=="D0"
ATTRS{reset_method}=="pm bus"
ATTRS{revision}=="0x01"
ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x3483"
ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x1106"
ATTRS{vendor}=="0x1106"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0':
KERNELS=="0000:00:00.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
DRIVERS=="pcieport"
ATTRS{ari_enabled}=="0"
ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
ATTRS{class}=="0x060400"
ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="32"
ATTRS{current_link_speed}=="5.0 GT/s PCIe"
ATTRS{current_link_width}=="1"
ATTRS{device}=="0x2711"
ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="32"
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
ATTRS{enable}=="1"
ATTRS{irq}=="77"
ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-3"
ATTRS{local_cpus}=="f"
ATTRS{max_link_speed}=="5.0 GT/s PCIe"
ATTRS{max_link_width}=="1"
ATTRS{msi_bus}=="1"
ATTRS{power/control}=="on"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="803932"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="active"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power_state}=="D0"
ATTRS{revision}=="0x10"
ATTRS{secondary_bus_number}=="1"
ATTRS{subordinate_bus_number}=="1"
ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x0000"
ATTRS{vendor}=="0x14e4"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00':
KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie':
KERNELS=="fd500000.pcie"
SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
DRIVERS=="brcm-pcie"
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/scb':
KERNELS=="scb"
SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
DRIVERS=="simple-pm-bus"
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform':
KERNELS=="platform"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{power/control}=="auto"
ATTRS{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
ATTRS{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
ATTRS{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0"
最后的输出udevadm test：
$ udevadm test /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0/usbmisc/usbtmc0
This program is for debugging only, it does not run any program
specified by a RUN key. It may show incorrect results, because
some values may be different, or not available at a simulation run.
Load module index
Skipping empty file: /etc/systemd/network/99-default.link
Skipping empty file: /etc/systemd/network/73-usb-net-by-mac.link
Created link configuration context.
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/10-local-rpi.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/15-i2c-modprobe.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/50-firmware.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/50-udev-default.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/55-dm.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/56-hpmud.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-autosuspend.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-block.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-cdrom_id.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-crda.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-drm.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-evdev.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-fido-id.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-flashrom.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-i2c-tools.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-input-id.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-libgphoto2-6.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-libopenni2-0.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-libsane1.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-alsa.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-input.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage-dm.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage-tape.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-rpi.gpio-common.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-sensor.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-serial.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-triggerhappy.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/61-gnome-settings-daemon-rfkill.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/61-mutter.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/64-btrfs.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/64-xorg-xkb.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/65-libwacom.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/69-cd-sensors.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-joystick.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-microbit.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-mouse.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-power-switch.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-printers.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-touchpad.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/70-uaccess.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/71-ipp-usb.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/71-seat.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/73-seat-late.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/73-special-net-names.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/75-net-description.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/75-probe_mtd.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-broadmobi-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-cinterion-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-dell-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-dlink-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-ericsson-mbm.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-fibocom-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-foxconn-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-haier-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-huawei-net-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-longcheer-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-mtk-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-nokia-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-pcmcia-device-blacklist.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-qdl-device-blacklist.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-quectel-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-sierra.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-simtech-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-telit-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-tplink-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-ublox-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-usb-device-blacklist.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-usb-serial-adapters-greylist.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-x22x-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-zte-port-types.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/78-sound-card.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-debian-compat.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-drivers.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-ifupdown.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-iio-sensor-proxy.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-libinput-device-groups.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-mm-candidate.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-noobs.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/80-udisks2.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/84-nm-drivers.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/85-hwclock.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/85-nm-unmanaged.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/85-regulatory.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-alsa-restore.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-console-setup.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-libinput-fuzz-override.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-nm-thunderbolt.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-pi-bluetooth.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-pipewire-alsa.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/90-pulseaudio.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/91-pulseaudio-rpi.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-cd-devices.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-dm-notify.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-csr.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-hid.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-hidpp.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-wup.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/96-e2scrub.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/97-hid2hci.rules
Reading rules file: /etc/udev/rules.d/99-com.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/99-libsane1.rules
Reading rules file: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/99-systemd.rules
Reading rules file: /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usbtmc.rules
DEVPATH=/devices/platform/scb/fd500000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0/usbmisc/usbtmc0
DEVNAME=/dev/usbtmc0
MAJOR=180
MINOR=176
ACTION=add
SUBSYSTEM=usbmisc
Unload module index
Unloaded link configuration context.
您能向我解释一下为什么我的设备仍然获得根组吗？我也不明白我们如何知道哪些规则适用于哪些设备。
我在ttyUSB上发现了类似的案例这里但没有好的结果。
谢谢
答案1
对我有用的是使用这个：
KERNEL=="usbtmc[0-9]", ATTRS{idVendor}=="F4EC", ATTRS{idProduct}=="EE3A", GROUP="usbtmc", MODE="0660"